摘要
面波压制是地震数据处理的重要环节,为了在压制过程中确保信号保真度,减少空间假频的影响,近年来基于频散特征的面波预测与压制方法受到青睐。该方法利用面波固有的频散属性,通过分析计算得到的频散关系预测面波,并将其从原始数据中消减,以达到压制的目的。但该方法也存在频散谱精度不高、面波预测欠准确,或频散谱精度虽然较高但计算耗时长等问题,导致该方法未能广泛应用。文中介绍一种经过改良的频散面波压制策略,即通过使用自适应面波数据提取技术、随炮检距变化的面波重建方法及面波模型匹配相减,结合高精度的频散谱分析方法对面波噪声进行准确预测,使该方法在对海量数据的处理中得到有效应用。实际资料测试结果表明,该方法能有效去除面波,最大限度地保护有效信号,在面波发育区有广泛应用前景。
Surface wave suppression is an important part of seismic data processing.To ensure signal fidelity and reduce the impacts of spatial aliasing in suppression,surface wave prediction and suppression methods based on dispersion characteristics have received attention in recent years.Using the inherent dispersion property of surface waves,this method predicts them by analyzing and calculating the dispersion relationship obtained and suppresses them through subtraction from the original data.However,the method also has some drawbacks,such as the low precision of dispersion spectrum,the inaccurate prediction of surface wave,or the high precision of dispersion spectrum at the expense of time-consuming calculation,which leads to the failure to be widely and well applied in practical production.An improved dispersion surface wave suppression strategy is introduced in this paper.Specifically,the strategy utilizes the technologies of adaptive surface wave data extraction,method of surface wave reconstruction varying with offset,and surface wave model matching subtraction.It combines a highprecision dispersion spectrum analysis method to accurately predict the surface wave.The method has been effectively applied in the processing of massive data.The test results of actual data show that the method can effectively remove surface waves and protect the effective signals to a maximum degree.It boasts a broad application scenario in the work area where surface waves develop.
作者
孙郧松
李培明
郭振波
王文闯
李国发
SUN Yunsong;LI Peiming;GUO Zhenbo;WANG Wenchuang;LI Guofa(College of Geophysics,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing102249,China;BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072750,China)
出处
《石油地球物理勘探》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期626-631,640,共7页
Oil Geophysical Prospecting
基金
国家科技重大专项“高精度地球物理勘探技术研发及应用”(2017ZX05018001-003)
中石油集团科技专项“地震处理解释关键新技术研究与智能化软件研发”(2021ZG03)联合资助。
关键词
瑞雷面波
高精度频散谱
数据驱动
面波模型
Rayleigh surface wave
high-precision dispersion spectrum
data-driven
surface wave model
