摘要
为探究钾肥对不同类型油菜品种菜薹产量和品质的影响,以甘蓝型油菜品种‘徽油48’和白菜型油菜品种‘皖油13’为材料,采用叶面喷施不同用量含钾有机肥“富万钾”的方式,研究其对不同类型油菜品种主薹和侧薹的外观、口感及菜薹产量的影响。结果表明,甘蓝型油菜品种的菜薹产量和品质优于白菜型油菜品种,每公顷喷施750 g“富万钾”最有利于提高菜薹品质和产量。常规栽培措施下,‘徽油48’和‘皖油13’的菜薹总产量分别可达4 714.94和3 568.80 kg·hm^(-2),‘徽油48’较‘皖油13’增产32.12%。与常规栽培措施相比,每公顷喷施750 g“富万钾”可显著提高菜薹总产量,其中‘徽油48’与‘皖油13’分别提高了14.92%和23.92%。同时,叶面喷施“富万钾”可显著提高菜薹的品质,其中‘徽油48’主薹和侧薹的SPAD值、茎叶比、茎的糖度、胡萝卜素含量以及侧薹叶的糖度,分别显著提高9.88%和15.66%、34.03%和69.54%、21.21%和10.70%、27.20%和19.04%、22.88%,纤维素含量降低9.04%;‘皖油13’主薹和侧薹的茎叶比、茎的糖度、叶的糖度、胡萝卜素含量以及侧薹的SPAD值,分别提高14.24%和37.26%、16.13%和25.41%、18.55%和14.29%、26.12%和10.67%、27.29%,纤维素含量降低29.23%。可见,喷施含钾有机肥“富万钾”能显著提高油菜薹的产量、品质和经济效益。
To investigate the effects of potassium-containing organic fertilizer on the quality and yield of different types of rapeseed flower stalk,the Brassica napus cultivar Huiyou 48 and the Brassica rapa cultivar Wanyou 13 were used as the materials.The appearance,palate and yield of rapeseed flower stalks of the main stalk and the lateral stalk after foliar spraying of different concentrations of potassium-containing organic fertilizers were investigated.The results showed that Brassica napus L.(Huiyou 48) had higher quality and yield than Brassica rapa L.(Wanyou13),and foliar spraying 750 g·hm^(-2) of potassium-containing organic fertilizer improved the quality and yield of the rapeseed flower stalk.The yield of rapeseed flower stalk could reach 4 714.94 and 3 568.80 kg·hm^(-2)in Huiyou 48 and Wanyou 13,respectively,under conventional cultivation measures,with Huiyou 48 being 32.12% higher than Wanyou 13.Compared to conventional cultivation methods,Huiyou 48 and Wanyou 13 spraying of potassium-containing organic fertilizer per hectare significantly increased the total yield of rapeseed flower stalk by 14.92% and 23.92%,respectively.Meantime,spraying potassium-containing organic fertilizer also significantly improved the quality of rapeseed flower stalk.The SPAD,the ratio of stem-to-leaf,the sugar content of stalk,carotene content,and lateral stalk sugar content of the leaves were significantly increased by 9.88% and 15.66%,34.03% and 69.54%,21.21% and 10.70%,27.20% and 19.04%,22.88%,respectively in the main stalk and lateral stalk of Huiyou 48,while the cellulose content was reduced by 9.04%;the ratio of stem-to-leaf,the sugar content of stalk,the sugar content of the leaves,carotene content,and lateral stalk SPAD were significantly increased by 14.24% and 37.26%,16.13% and 25.41%,18.55% and 14.29%,26.12% and 10.67%,27.29%,respectively,in the main stalk and lateral stalk of Wanyou 13,however,the cellulose content was reduced by 29.23%.Taken together,these result suggested that the spraying of potassium-containing organic fertilizer can significantly improve the quality,yield and economic benefits of rapeseed flower stalk.
作者
张孟蝶
郑超
周茂润
洪栎
肖立宏
李炳坤
张付贵
余燕
朱宗河
周可金
ZHANG Mengdie;ZHENG Chao;ZHOU Maorun;HONG Yue;XIAO Lihong;LI Bingkun;ZHANG Fugui;YU Yan;ZHU Zonghe;ZHOU Kejin(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Feidong Agricultural Science Institute,Hefei 231607)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第1期16-21,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
2020年安徽省农业竞争力提升科技行动项目
高校优秀青年人才支持计划重点(gxyqZD2021096)
安徽省油料作物产业技术体系“十四五”专项共同资助。
关键词
油菜薹
产量
品质
含钾有机肥
rapeseed flower stalk
yield
quality
potassium-containing organic fertilizer
