摘要
在我国生态文明建设方针指导下,工业用水效率和重复利用率显著提升,但目前的废水排放总量仍不容忽视。工业废水零排放是实现污水资源化利用的重要途径,但处理过程中会形成废盐和高浓度废盐水。现阶段我国对于废盐的处置率低,并且几乎未进行资源化利用,已成为了制约工业废水零排放的重要瓶颈之一。以工业废盐作为原料回用于氯碱工业提供了一种新的废盐消纳渠道,但进料中含有的杂质组分多,利用废盐的离子膜氯碱工业将面临以膜污染为代表的新挑战。系统性介绍了离子膜氯碱工业中废盐资源化原理与工艺流程,讨论了阴阳离子与溶解性有机质致离子膜污染的过程机制与表征手段,并从进料控制、膜清洗、运行工况优化等方面提出了合理的应对策略,最终对未来关于进料水质参数优选与高性能阳离子交换膜研发提出展望,以期促进工业废水零排放过程中废盐资源化技术研发与应用。
Under the guidance of China′s ecological civilization policy,while the utilization of industrial water has been improved,the total wastewater discharge still cannot be neglected.Therefore,zero liquid discharge(ZLD)of industrial wastewater has been highlighted as an essential path to realize the utilization of waste.However,waste salt and high-concentration brine are generated during the zero liquid discharge process.The disposal of waste salt is challenging in China,and there is little progress in its utilization,which has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the ZLD process.Compared with the conventional process employing pure salt,the ionic membrane-based Chlor-alkali system using industrial waste salt would be influenced by the presence of impurity components in the feed,which may lead to new challenges such as membrane fouling.To address the limitations,this review paper will introduce the principle and process of recycling waste salt in the ionic membrane-based Chlor-alkali industry,discuss the process mechanism and characterization methods of membrane fouling caused by anions/cations and dissolved organic matter,put forward reasonable countermeasures such as feed control,membrane cleaning and process optimization,and explore future research prospects on adjustment of the feed water quality and the development of high-performance cation exchange membranes.This review aims to promote the development and application of waste salt recycling technology in the process of zero liquid discharge of industrial wastewater.
作者
梁子誉
谢勇冰
吉庆华
马金星
曹宏斌
LIANG Ziyu;XIE Yongbing;JI Qinghua;MA Jingxing;CAO Hongbin(Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education,School of Ecology,Environment and Resources,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Center for Water and Ecology,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《能源环境保护》
2023年第2期125-133,共9页
Energy Environmental Protection
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3901300)
国家自然科学基金项目(52100030)
广东省自然科学基金-杰出青年项目(2022B1515020053)。
关键词
工业废水
零排放(ZLD)
离子膜氯碱
资源化
膜污染
膜清洗
Industrial wastewater
Zero liquid discharge(ZLD)
Ionic membrane-based Chlor-alkali process
Utilization
Membrane fouling
Membrane cleaning
