摘要
海绵导体在承受极端压缩和恶劣环境时,面临着机械脆性和导电网络易发生不可逆破坏等瓶颈.发展轻质、超弹和耐疲劳的海绵导体具有非常重要的研究和应用前景.本论文提出表面受限雾化水模板策略,获得了聚合物海绵骨架承载蜂窝状碳纳米管的新型海绵导体(h-SCNTC).通过借鉴在反复形变下具有梯度能量耗散机制的关节软骨结构,h-SCNTC展现出可快速恢复的压缩回弹性能(宽的压缩应变范围:0–90%)以及高的抗疲劳性(5000次循环后海绵高度保持率>95%).归因于在低压缩应变下骨架表面蜂窝状导电结构的“连通-断开”机制和在高压缩应变下海绵导电骨架“形变-接触”机制的结合,所得压阻传感器展现出超弹性、高稳定性和在宽应变范围内(0–90%)具有高灵敏度等卓越特征.该海绵导体能够有效抑制环境中水的侵蚀作用,在极端湿度和机器洗涤等恶劣环境中仍能保持耐久性.本研究提出的表面受限雾化水模板策略,有望为制备超弹性耐疲劳海绵导体及其耐变形电子设备提供新的思路.
Spongy conductors generally suffer from mechanical brittleness and irreversible conductive network damage when subjected to extreme compression and harsh environments.The development of elastic conductors combining the unique characteristics of light weight,superelasticity,and extraordinary fatigue resistance is massively desired but challenging.Herein,a surface-constrained atomized water templating strategy is presented for fabricating a honeycomb-patterned spongy carbon nanotube conductor(h-SCNTC).By mimicking articular cartilage architecture with gradient energy dissipation under deformation,the resultant h-SCNTC exhibits outstanding compressibility with rapid recovery from deformation(i.e.,0%to 90%compressive strain)and extraordinarily high fatigue resistance(i.e.,>95%height retention after 5000 cycles).The developed sensor possesses remarkable features,including superelasticity,durability,and large relative resistance changes across a wide strain range(i.e.,0%to 90%),which can be ascribed to the combination of“connect-disconnect”transition of nanogaps between individual carbon nanotubes in the skeleton under a low compressive strain and compressive contact of the conductive skeletons under a high compressive strain.In particular,the conductor can effectively inhibit water erosion,making it ultradurable against harsh environments in extreme humidity and machine washing conditions.The surface-constrained atomized water templating strategy for fabricating spongy superelastic conductors opens a new avenue to explore the potential of wearable sensors and deformation-tolerant electronics.
作者
朱天宜
封其春
万可宁
张超
李斌
刘天西
Tianyi Zhu;Qichun Feng;Kening Wan;Chao Zhang;Bin Li;Tianxi Liu(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids,Ministry of Education,School of Chemical and Material Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Department of Orthopaedics,The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,China;School of Engineering and Materials Science,Queen Mary University of London,Mile End Road,London,E14NS UK)
基金
financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773035 and 52122303)。
