摘要
研究不同氮素形态对油茶苗叶片解剖结构与光合特性的影响,以期筛选出适合油茶苗生长发育的氮素形态。以‘长林4号’油茶2年生扦插苗为研究材料,设置全铵(以T1表示)、铵硝混合(以T2表示)、全硝(以T3表示)3个处理组和对照组(以CK表示),测定油茶苗生长、叶片解剖结构、叶绿素和光合特性等指标。结果表明,各处理油茶苗叶片的叶绿素含量呈现T2>T1>T3>CK,且T1、T2、T3与CK差异性显著。T2处理油茶苗的叶片厚度、栅栏组织、栅海比、上下表皮厚度等叶片解剖特性值均为最大。T1、T2、T3处理的叶片净光合速率与CK相比分别显著增加了6.69%、10.41%、3.71%。与CK相比,T1、T2、T3处理的油茶苗的苗高、地径、叶片数增量、叶面积以及总干重显著提高,且T2的地上部分和地下部分干重、总干重、根冠比均显著优于其他处理。相关性分析发现,净光合速率与海绵组织、栅栏组织、叶片厚度呈现出极显著相关性(P<0.01),叶绿素总量与油茶苗生长量、净光合速率、叶片厚度、海绵组织、栅栏组织均有极显著相关性(P<0.01),因此叶片结构的变化影响叶绿素含量、净光合速率,进而影响植株干物质的积累。综上,不同氮素形态对油茶苗生长、叶片结构、光合特性等具有不同的影响,以T2处理(铵硝混合)效果最佳。
The effects of different nitrogen forms on the leaf anatomical structure and photosynthetic characteristics of Camellia oleifera seedlings were studied in order to select nitrogen forms suitable for the growth and development of C. oleifera seedlings. Second-year biennial seedlings of ‘Changlin No. 4’ were used in potted plant experiments involving four treatments: total ammonium(expressed in T1), ammonium-nitrate mixing(expressed in T2), whole nitrate(expressed in T3), and control(expressed in CK). Growth indices, leaf anatomy, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic characteristics of C. oleifera seedlings were measured. The chlorophyll content of C. oleifera seedling leaves ranked from high to low was T2 > T1 > T3 > CK. T1, T2, T3, and CK displayed significant differences. Compared with those of other treatments, the leaf thickness, palisade tissue, upper epidermis thickness, lower epidermis thickness, and other leaf anatomical characteristics of C. oleifera seedlings treated with T2 were the greatest. Compared with that of CK, the net photosynthetic rate of T1, T2, and T3 increased by 6.69%, 10.41%, and 3.71% respectively. Compared with that of CK, seedling height increment, ground diameter increment, leaf number increment, leaf area, and total dry weight of C. oleifera seedlings treated with T1, T2, and T3 were significantly increased. The aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, total dry weight, and root shoot ratio of T2 were significantly better than those of other treatments. Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation of the net photosynthetic rate of leaves with sponge tissue, palisade tissue, and leaf thickness(P<0.01). The total chlorophyll content was significantly correlated with C. oleifera growth, leaf increment, net photosynthetic rate, leaf area, leaf thickness, sponge tissue, and palisade tissue(P<0.01). Therefore, changes in leaf structure will affect chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and then the accumulation of dry matter in plants. In summary, different nitrogen form nutrient solutions have different effects on the growth, leaf anatomy, photosynthetic characteristics, and other aspects of C. oleifera seedlings. The T2 treatment(ammonium and nitrate mixing) has the best effect.
作者
蔡东升
陈情情
裴欣睲
张健
龚守富
CAI Dongsheng;CHEN Qingqing;PEI Xinxing;ZHANG Jian;GONG Shoufu(College of Horticulture,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China)
出处
《森林与环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期194-200,共7页
Journal of Forest and Environment
基金
信阳农林学院青年教师科研基金项目“新型油茶副产品无土栽培基质的应用技术研究”(QN2021047)、“信阳地区主栽油茶品种花粉直感效应及授粉树配置研究”(20200107)
信阳农林学院油茶科技创新团队资助项目(CXTD-202002)。
关键词
氮素形态
油茶
叶片
解剖结构
光合特性
nitrogen forms
Camellia
leaves
anatomical structure
photosynthetic characteristics
