摘要
【目的】探明生态净化池塘的水质变化与浮游动物群落结构特征,以期为“集装箱+生态池塘”循环水养殖系统的水质管理并推动其高质量发展提供依据。【方法】采用去趋势对应分析、冗余分析和相关性分析等方法研究生态净化池塘浮游动物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。【结果】生态净化池塘的水温、pH、溶解氧(DO)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)和悬浮物(SS)的年平均含量分别为19.31℃、8.03、7.60 mg/L、1.69 mg/L、0.81 mg/L、0.17 mg/L、3.71 mg/L、0.68 mg/L和19.70 mg/L,5月TN、TP和NH_(4)^(+)-N显著高于其余月份;共检出浮游动物4类23属38种,以轮虫为主,其次是原生动物,优势种为浮游累枝虫(Epistylis rotans)、萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)和卜氏晶囊轮虫(Asplanchna brightwelli);浮游动物密度、生物量、Shannon-wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数平均值分别为221.85个/L、0.16 mg/L、1.57和0.71;水温与桡足类物种密度呈显著负相关,NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP与轮虫物种密度呈显著正相关,TN与轮虫物种密度呈极显著正相关。【结论】生态净化池塘检出原生动物5种、轮虫26种、枝角类4种和桡足类3种,水温、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN和TP是影响浮游动物群落结构特征的主要环境因子,NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN和TP对轮虫物种的影响显著。
【Objective】The water quality change and zooplankton community structure characteristics of the ecological purification pond are explored to provide the scientific basis for water quality management and high quality development of the “container + ecological pond” recircularting aquaculture system.【Method】The characteristics of zooplankton community structure and its relationships with environmenta factors in the ecological purification pond are studied by detrended correspondence analysis,redundancy analysis and correlation analysis.【Result】The water temperature,water pH and annual mean content of dissolves organic(DO),TN,TP,NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,NO_(2)^(-)-N and suspended solid(SS) of the ecological purification pond are 19.31℃,8.03,and 7.60 mg/L,1.69 mg/L,0.81 mg/L,0.17 mg/L,3.71 mg/L,0.68 mg/L and 19.70 mg/L respectively.The TN,TP and NH_(4)^(+)-N content in May is higher than other monthes significantly.38 species,23 genera,4 classes of zooplankton are identified.Most species belong to rotifers,followed by protozoa.The dominance species are Epistylis rotans,Brachionus calyciflorus,Keratella cochlearis and Asplanchna brightwelli.The density,biomass,Shannon-wiener diversity and Pielou evenness index of zooplankton are 221.85/L,0.16 mg/L,1.57 and 0.71 separately.The water temperature is negatively related to species density of copepods significantly.The NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP content is positively relatd to species density of rotifer significantly.The TN content is positively related to species density of rotifer very significantly.【Conclusion】5 species of protozoa,26 species of rotifer,4 species of Cladocera and 3 species of copepods are identified in the ecological purification pond.Major environmental factors influencing the characteristics of zooplankton community structure are water temperature,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN and TP.The content of NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN and TP has the significant effect on species of rotifers.
作者
闵文武
王龙燕
陈飞雄
周其椿
赵瑞平
MIN Wenwu;WANG Longyan;CHEN Feixiong;ZHOU Qichun;ZHAO Ruiping(Guizhou Fisheries Research Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Special Aquatic Engineering Technology Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Institute of Biology,Guiyang,Guizhou 550009;Nanzheng District Aquaculture Development Center,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723100,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2023年第2期66-75,共10页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划项目[黔科合支撑(2020)1Y102],[黔科合支撑(2020)1Y105]
贵州省农业科学院青年科技基金项目(2018-53),(2019-25)。
关键词
水产养殖
异位处理
生态池塘
浮游动物
集装箱循环水养殖
aquaculture
tailwater treatment
ecological pond
zooplankton
container recirculating aquaculture
