摘要
由致病疫霉菌[Phytophthora infestans(Montagne)de Bary]引起的马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯生产最具毁灭性的病害之一,具有发生范围广、流行速度快、为害损失重、防治难度大的特点。为了进一步了解马铃薯晚疫病的发生发展规律,更好地防治马铃薯晚疫病。本文将马铃薯晚疫病症状、发病因素、致病疫霉菌遗传多样性等进行归纳,综合分析了各种防治措施的优势及不足。对未来晚疫病研究重点进行了展望,提出3点建议,(1)严格落实种薯检疫检测制度,推进无菌种薯的推广使用;(2)持续监控马铃薯主产区致病疫霉菌的致病型变化,结合晚疫病监测预警系统,混合或轮换使用杀菌剂;(3)扩大生防微生物应用范围、完善有效菌株的筛选方法、发掘新的具有广谱和持久抗性的抗晚疫病基因,不断落实完善马铃薯抗病育种的发展方向。
Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans(Montagne)de Bary is one of the most devastating diseases in potato production,which has the characteristics of wide occurrence,fast epidemic speed,heavy damage and difficult control.In order to further understand the occurrence and development of potato late blight,and better control potato late blight.In this paper,the symptoms,pathogenic factors and genetic diversity of potato late blight were summarized,the advantages and disadvantages of various prevention and control measures were comprehensively analyzed.The future research focus of late blight was prospected and the following suggestions were put forward:(1)Strictly implement the seed potato quarantine and testing system,and promote the use of sterile seed potatoes;(2)Continuously monitor the change of pathogenic type of Phytophthora infestans in the main potato production areas,and use fungicides in combination with the late blight monitoring and early warning system;(3)Expand the application scope of biocontrol microorganisms,improve the screening method of effective strains,discover new late blight resistant genes with broad-spectrum and durable resistance,and constantly implement the development direction of improving potato disease resistance breeding.
作者
夏善勇
牛志敏
李庆全
张丽娟
南向日
盛万民
XIA Shan-yong;NIU Zhi-min;Li Qing-quan;ZHANG Li-juan;NAN Xiang-ri;SHENG Wan-min(Institute of Economic Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Quality Improvement for Potato in Heilongjiang,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2022年第12期89-94,共6页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央引导地方发展专项“马铃薯全粉加工新品种筛选及配套技术的应用”(ZY21C02)
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFE0115700)
黑龙江省马铃薯生物学与品质改良重点实验室条件建设
黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项“马铃薯优异种质创制及新品种选育”(2019ZX16B02-11)。
关键词
马铃薯晚疫病
遗传多样性
防治措施
potato late blight
genetic diversity
control efficacy
research progress
