摘要
为了解灌浆期高温胁迫对玉米胚乳淀粉粒分布及黏度参数的影响,以郑单958、隆平206、安科985为材料,于灌浆期进行高温处理,分析高温胁迫对玉米产量、籽粒品质、淀粉粒度分布特征与黏度参数的影响。结果表明,高温胁迫显著降低玉米行粒数、穗粒数和百粒重,进而导致单株产量显著下降。与对照相比,高温胁迫显著降低籽粒淀粉含量,进而增加了籽粒蛋白质与脂肪含量。高温胁迫下,玉米籽粒中型淀粉粒(3μm≤粒径D≤18μm)、小型淀粉粒(粒径D<3μm)体积和表面积百分比显著降低,而大型淀粉粒(粒径D>18μm)体积和表面积百分比则显著升高,高温胁迫对不同大小的淀粉粒数量分布无显著影响。高温胁迫后,峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度与稀懈值等黏度参数显著降低。可见高温胁迫处理降低中、小型淀粉粒体积和表面积比例、增加大型淀粉粒体积和表面积比例,进而降低了玉米淀粉峰值黏度等黏度参数。
In order to understand the effects of high temperature stress on starch size granule distribution and viscosity parameters of maize endosperm during grain filling stage.Three maize cultivars(Zhengdan 958,Longping 206 and Anke 985)were used as materials with heat stress at grain filling stage.Ear characters,content of main chemical components in kernel,the distribution characteristic of starch granules and viscosity parameter were analyzed.The results showed that high temperature stress decreased significantly the grain per row,grain per ear and 100-grain weight of maize,which led to significantly decreased yield per plant.Compared with CK,under high temperature stress the protein contents and fat in kernel were increased significantly,but the contents of starch in kernel decrease significantly.Under high temperature stress,the volume to surface area ratio of medium(3~18μm)and small(D<3μm)starch granules in maize grain decreased significantly,while that of the large starch granules(D>18μm)increased significantly.High temperature stress had no significant effect on the number distribution of starch granules with different sizes.After high temperature stress,peak viscosity,trough viscosity final viscosity and breakdown value were decreased significantly.It is indicated that high temperature stress reduced the volume and surface area proportion of medium(3~18μm)and small(D<3μm)starch granules,the volume and surface area proportion of large(D>18μm)starch granules were increased,thereby reducing the viscosity parameters such as peak viscosity of maize starch.
作者
余梦奇
陈志英
胡健
路梦莉
张雅婷
李文阳
YU Mengqi;CHEN Zhiying;HU Jian;LU Mengli;ZHANG Yating;LI Wenyang(School of Agriculure,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China)
出处
《聊城大学学报（自然科学版）》
2022年第6期104-110,共7页
Journal of Liaocheng University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31501271)
安徽高校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2020ZD010)
安徽省成果转化项目(2021ZH015)资助。
关键词
玉米
高温胁迫
粒度分布
籽粒品质
黏度参数
maize
high temperature stress
grain quality
granule size distribution
viscosity parameters
