摘要
畜禽养殖过程产生的挥发性有机物(VOCs)会影响周围环境质量和人畜健康.针对肉鸡养殖过程挥发性有机物排放特征研究较少,主要致臭物质及致癌、非致癌健康风险影响评价不明确、臭氧生成潜力分析不足等问题,开展了对肉鸡舍内挥发性有机物的现场监测试验,在肉鸡舍采用苏玛罐采样结合气相色谱-质谱法分析了冬季肉鸡生长前期、生长中期和生长后期VOCs的排放特征.结果表明,肉鸡生长过程中共检测出77种VOCs,包括16种卤代烃、21种烷烃、5种烯烃、12种芳香烃、15种含氧VOCs(OVOCs)和8种含硫化合物.整个生长阶段舍内卤代烃、烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃和OVOCs浓度变化不大,但是随着肉鸡的生长,含硫氨基酸摄入量和粪便排污系数增加,舍内排放的VOCs逐渐转为硫化物为主.含硫VOCs浓度在生长前期和中期呈现不断升高趋势,但是生长后期舍内通风量增加导致含硫VOCs浓度降低.肉鸡生长过程中监测到的VOCs中主要致臭物质为萘、乙酸乙酯、乙醛、二硫化碳、二甲基二硫、甲硫醇、甲硫醚和噻吩,其中甲硫醇的恶臭指数最高,范围为2172.4~19090.9;生长前期和生长中期存在可能致癌健康风险,终生癌症风险(LCR)值分别为7.7×10^(-6)和4.5×10^(-6).舍内VOCs臭氧生成潜势(OFP)平均值为(1458.9±787.4)μg·m^(-3).结果明确了肉鸡生长过程中VOCs的排放特征,摸清了致臭物质、健康风险和臭氧生成潜势,可为肉鸡养殖过程中污染气体减排策略的制定提供科学依据.
Volatile organic compound(VOCs)emissions from poultry and livestock facilities affect the surrounding environmental quality and human health.However,VOCs emissions from broiler houses have been less characterized,and studies of related dominant odorants,carcinogenic risk,and ozone formation potential are still lacking.To fill this research gap,VOCs pollutants emitted from a broiler house were investigated in this study.The VOCs emission characteristics of the broiler house during three different periods of broiler growth(early,middle,and later)were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The results showed that 77 types of VOCs were detected,including 16 types of halogenated hydrocarbons,21 types of alkanes,5 types of olefins,12 types of aromatic hydrocarbons,15 types of oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs),and 8 types of sulfides.During the entire 42-day growth period,the concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbons,alkanes,olefin,aromatic hydrocarbons,and OVOCs in the broiler house showed few changes.However,with the growth of broilers,the intake of sulfur-containing amino acids and the fecal emission coefficient increased,resulting in the gradual conversion of the VOCs to sulfide.Therefore,emissions of sulfur-containing VOCs increased in the early and middle growth periods.Moreover,the increase in ventilation in the house during the later growth period resulted in a decrease in the sulfur-containing VOCs concentrations.The dominant odorants in the broiler house were naphthalene,ethyl acetate,acetaldehyde,carbon disulfide,dimethyl disulfide,methanethiol,methanethiol,and thiophene.Methanethiol had the highest odorous values,ranging from 2172.4 to 19090.9.Meanwhile,there were acceptable levels of carcinogenic risk in the early and middle growth periods,with a lifetime cancer risk(LCR)of 7.7×10^(-6)and 4.5×10^(-6),respectively.The average ozone formation potential(OFP)was(1458.9±787.4)μg·m^(-3).The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the monitoring of malodorous substances and formulation of emission reduction strategies in broiler production.
作者
曹甜甜
郑云昊
张羽
王悦
丛群欣
王源昊
董红敏
CAO Tian-tian;ZHENG Yun-hao;ZHANG Yu;WANG Yue;CONG Qun-xin;WANG Yuan-hao;DONG Hong-min(Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management in Agricultural Structures(MARA),Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Bejing 100081,China;Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期4357-4366,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-35-10B)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(BSRF202003)。
