摘要
卒中后吞咽障碍患者免疫力下降,频繁误吸易引起吸入性肺炎,预防吸入性肺炎是卒中吞咽康复的重要原则。电、磁刺激疗法作为卒中后吞咽障碍的新兴治疗手段,通过将电刺激或磁刺激作用于外周肌群、大脑皮层与周围神经,在卒中吞咽障碍的肺炎预防中发挥了重要作用。具体技术主要包括神经肌肉电刺激、咽腔电刺激、重复外周磁刺激、重复经颅磁刺激、经颅直流电刺激与迷走神经刺激。电、磁疗法对肌肉激活与神经元调控具有积极作用,可增加大脑皮层兴奋性,改善吞咽运动不充分、不协调等问题,从而减少误吸发生,达到预防肺炎的目的。
Post-stroke patients with dysphagia have decreased immunity,who are easy to suffer from pneumonia if he aspirates frequently.Therefore,prevention of pneumonia is an important principle of post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation.As novel methods,electrical stimulation and magnetic stimulation therapy play an important role in the prevention of post-stroke dysphagia associated pneumonia by stimulating peripheral muscles,cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves.The technologies mainly included neuromuscular electrical stimulation,pharyngeal electrical stimulation,repeated peripheral magnetic stimulation,repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation,transcranial direct current stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation.These therapies have a positive effect on muscle activation and neuronal regulation,can increase the excitability of cerebral cortex and improve inadequate and uncoordinated swallowing movement,so as to reduce aspiration and prevent pneumonia.
作者
乡靖楠
贾杰
刘翠鲜
XIANG Jingnan;JIA Jie;LIU Cuixian(School of Sports Science,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Huashan Hospital,Hehai University,Shanghai 200040,China;National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine,Huashan Hospital,Hehai University,Shanghai 200040,China;National Center for Neurological Diseases,Shanghai 200040,China;National Regional Medicine Center,Huashan Hospital affiliated to Hehai University(Fujian Branch),The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University(Binhai Branch),Fuzhou 350000,China;College of Rehabilitation Medicine,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China)
出处
《中国卒中杂志》
2022年第6期589-594,共6页
Chinese Journal of Stroke
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2002300)
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(82021002)
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目(91948302)。
关键词
电刺激
磁刺激
卒中
吞咽障碍
肺炎
误吸
Electrical stimulation
Magnetic stimulation
Stroke
Dysphagia
Pneumonia
Aspiration
