摘要
随着列车运行速度的不断提升,弓网电弧发生频率增加,严重威胁列车安全稳定受流。某高原铁路沿线海拔高、气压低,空气分子自由程增大、电子动能增加、击穿电压降低,导致弓网电弧放电特性改变。为进一步研究低气压环境电气化铁路弓网电弧放电特性,基于磁流体动力学理论(MHD)建立低气压环境电气化铁路弓网电弧放电的仿真模型,研究了气压对弓网电弧电压、温度和电流密度的影响,并通过实验进行验证。研究发现:在铜棒作阳极、纯碳滑板作阴极的情况下,随着气压的降低,弓网电弧电压、温度逐渐降低,电流密度逐渐减小;弓网电弧最高温度位于弓网电弧的两极区域,且阳极区温度高于阴极区,弧柱区温度最低;弓网电弧维持能力随气压的降低而增强,即低气压环境弓网电弧拉断更困难,将造成更严重的危害,在高原铁路的建设和运营中应更加予以注意。
In recent years, with the continuous increase of train speed, pantograph arc occurs more frequently, which seriously threatens safe and stable current collection of trains. Due to high altitude, low air pressure and thin oxygen along the plateau railway, free path of air molecules and electronic kinetic energy are both increased, and then breakdown voltage is decreased. As a result, discharge characteristics of pantograph arc are changed. In order to further study the discharge characteristics of pantograph arc of electrified railway in low-pressure environment, a simulation model of electrified railway pantograph arc discharge in low-pressure environment is established based on the theory of magnetohydrodynamics(MHD). The effects of different pressure on voltage, temperature and current density of pantograph arc are studied and verified by experiments. It is found that when copper contact wire is used as anode and pure carbon slide is used as cathode, the voltage and temperature of pantograph arc gradually decrease and the current density gradually decreases with the decrease of air pressure;The highest temperature of pantograph arc is located in the poles, the temperature of anode is higher than that of cathode, and the temperature of arc column is the lowest;The ability to maintain pantograph arc increases with the decrease of air pressure, and it is more difficult to break the pantograph arc in low-pressure environment, which will cause more serious harm and should be addressed in the construction and operation of the plateau railway.
作者
景所立
魏隆
陈欢
李杰
鲁超
母婷佑
阴国锋
JING Suoli;WEI Long;CHEN Huan;LI Jie;LU Chao;MU Tingyou;YIN Guofeng(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)
出处
《铁道标准设计》
北大核心
2022年第6期138-145,共8页
Railway Standard Design
基金
国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金项目(U19A20105)。
关键词
弓网电弧
低气压环境
MHD模型
电弧温度
电流密度
电气化铁路
pantograph arc
low-pressure environment
MHD model
arc temperature
current density
electrified railway
