摘要
[目的]研究平菇菌渣复合基质对铁皮石斛生长特性和多糖含量的影响。[方法]高效液相色谱法检测以棉籽壳为主原料平菇菌渣中棉酚,测定菌渣复合基质孔隙度和蒸发速率,比较不同基质对铁皮石斛株高、鲜重、干重、干鲜比和多糖含量的影响。[结果]菌渣复合基质未检测出棉酚有毒成分,基质大小孔隙比从大到小依次为JZ(菌渣)<E1(V_(菌渣)∶V_(松鳞)∶V_(碎石)=8∶1∶1)<E2(V_(菌渣)∶V_(松鳞)∶V_(碎石)=6∶2∶2)<E3(V_(菌渣)∶V_(松鳞)∶V_(碎石)=4∶3∶3)<SL(松鳞)。E2、E3大小孔隙比分别为1∶1.1、1∶0.8,铁皮石斛长势好,多糖含量高;大小孔隙比过小(JZ、E1)或过大(SL)影响铁皮石斛干重、干鲜比和多糖含量。有效保湿时间JZ>E1>E2>E3>SL,E2、E3有效保湿时间为3 d左右。[结论]菌渣复合基质是铁皮石斛栽培的高效保湿透气基质,同时揭示大小孔隙比与保湿时间、铁皮石斛产量和质量的相关性。
[Objective]To study the effects of compound substrate mainly made up by P.ostreatus residue on growth characteristics and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium officinale.[Method]The content of the gossypol of P.ostreatus residue mainly made up by cottonseed hull was determinated by HPLC.The porosity and evaporation rate of the bacterial residue composite matrix were determined,and the effects of different matrices on the plant height,fresh weight,dry weight,dry-fresh ratio and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium officinale were compared.[Result]No toxic components of gossypol in P.ostreatus residue were detected.The matrix size void ratio from large to small was JZ(P.ostreatus residue)<1(P.ostreatus residue∶pine bark∶gravel=8∶1∶1,V/V/V)<E2(P.ostreatus residue∶pine bark∶gravel=6∶2∶2,V/V/V)<E3(P.ostreatus residue∶pine bark∶gravel=4∶3∶3,V/V/V)<SL(pine bark).The void ratio of E2 and E3 were 1∶1.1 and 1∶0.8 respectively,Dendrobium officinale had good growth and high polysaccharide content;too small(JZ,E1)or too large(SL)matrix size void ratio affected the dry weight,dry-fresh ratio and polysaccharide content of Dendrobium officinale.The effective moisturizing time was JZ>E1>E2>E3>SL,and the effective moisturizing time of E2 and E3 was about 3 d.[Conclusion]The compound substrate mainly made up by P.ostreatus residue is an efficient moisture-retention and breathable substrate for Dendrobium officinale cultivation.Simultaneously,it was suggested that there was a correlation between the size of the void ratio and the lasting time of the available moisture,and yield and quality of Dendrobium officinale.
作者
谭善财
谭长金
邬小兰
TAN Shan-cai;TAN Chang-jin;WU Xiao-lan(Tongren Polytechnic College,Tongren,Guizhou 554300;Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinnary Medicine,Tongren,Guizhou 554300;Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2022年第12期149-152,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省教育厅基金项目(黔教办职成(2019)35号)
贵州省教育厅、农业农村厅、中医药管理局基金项目(黔教函(2020)68号)
铜仁市科技局科学计划项目(铜市科研〔2019〕103号)。
关键词
平菇菌渣
复合基质
大小孔隙比
铁皮石斛
多糖
P.ostreatus residues
Compound substrate
Void ratio
Dendrobium officinale
Polysaccharide
