摘要
目的了解新疆乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院住院患者医院感染现患率以及使用抗菌药物的情况,为制定本院下一步感染防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,借助软件系统,以床旁调查与查阅病历相结合,对2020年05月27日00:00-24:00的住院患者进行调查。结果调查住院患者总计798例,实查率为97.91%。发生医院感染15人次,发生率为1.88%;感染16例次,感染例次感染率为2.01%。院感现患率最高的科室为重症医学科(30%),其次为肿瘤内科(9.09%)和老年病科(8.33%)。医院感染发生的部位以下呼吸道(50%)和上呼吸道以及表浅切口(均为18.75%)为主。798例住院患者中使用抗菌药物者267例,抗菌药物使用率为33.46%,以治疗用药为主(72.28%),治疗+预防用药比例为8.99%;一联抗菌药物使用率为94.38%,二联用药比例为5.24%,三联及以上用药比例为0.37%。治疗使用抗菌药物(含治疗+预防用药)前病原学送检率为42.40%。泌尿道插管、动静脉插管、使用呼吸机、气管切开均是发生医院感染的危险因素。结论该院医院感染现患率与全国水平相当,主要集中在重症医学科,主要感染部位为下呼吸道感染,应当加强对重点科室及高发感染部分相关的管控,提高抗菌药物使用前病原学送检率,以期进一步降低医院感染发生率,保障患者安全。
Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and the use of antibacterial among inpatients in a third-grade hospital in Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for the next infection prevention and control measures in our hospital.Methods Using the method of cross-sectional investigation,with the help of software system,combined with bedside investigation and medical records,the hospitalized patients were investigated from 0:00 to 24:00 on May 27,2020.Results A total of 798 inpatients were investigated,and the actual investigation rate was 97.91%.There were 15 patients of nosocomial with an incidence rate of 1.18%;16 cases of infection with an infection rate of 2.01%.The department with the highest nosocomial infection was the Department of Intensive care unit(30.00%),followed by the Department of Oncology(9.09%)and Geriatrics(8.33%).The main sites of nosocomial infection were lower respiratory tract(50.00%)and upper respiratory tract and superficial incision(all 18.75%).Among the 798 inpatients who used antibacterial drugs in 267.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 33.46%,mainly for treatment drugs(72.28%),and the proportion of treatment+prevention was 8.99%.The utilization rate of single antibiotic was 94.38%,the proportion of double antibiotic was 5.24%,and the proportion of triple antibiotic was 0.37%.The rate of pathogen detection was 42.40%of the patients before treatment with antibacterial drugs(including treatment+preventive drugs).Urinary tract intubation,arteriovenous intubation,use of ventilator and tracheotomy were risk factors of nosocomial infection.Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in our hospital is similar to the national level,mainly concentrated in the intensive care department,and the main infection site is lower respiratory tract infection.We should strengthen the management and control of key departments and high incidence of infection,and improve the rate of pathogenic examination before the use of antibiotics,in order to further reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and ensure the safety of patients.
作者
王晓兢
姚艳玲
王显萍
李文玉
魏绍明
WANG Xiaojing;YAO Yanling;WANG Xianping;LI Wenyu;WEI Shaoming(The Department of Infection Management Office,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,830000,China)
出处
《新疆医学》
2022年第2期188-190,共3页
Xinjiang Medical Journal
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:2019D01C282)。
关键词
医院感染
现患率
感染部位
nosocomial infection
prevalence rate
site of infection
