摘要
散热器通过翅片表面实现冷却空气与冷却液之间热交换,翅片的布局将直接影响到散热器的冷却性能。针对翅片的结构参数影响进行分析。根据翅片的结构特点,获取表面散热带面积的数学模型,分析主要影响因素。采用计算流体力学方法,搭建8*3散热器的冷却场分析模型。分析不同的翅片间距、厚度及宽度等,对散热器冷却性能的影响,获得参数的影响规律。依托于汽车散热器冷却系统试验台,对翅片参数变化的影响进行试验测试,并对仿真分析进行验证。结果可知:散热器的翅片间距、厚度与散热面积呈负相关,而宽度则呈现正相关;冷却液沿翅片流动方向的流场分布稳定,而在冷却风流动方向则呈现阶梯变化;无外部因素影响时,出入口冷却空气设置对散热器冷却性能影响较小;考虑车辆行进方向时,吸风布置的散热效率更高;相同工况和参数条件下,散热器温差的试验测试结果与模型仿真分析变化趋势一致,且温差的误差控制在3%以内,表明模型分析的可靠性与准确性,为此类设计和生产提供重要参考。
The heat exchange between the cooling air and the coolant through the fin surface of the radiator,and the layout of the fin will directly affect the cooling performance of the radiator. The influence of fin structure parameters was analyzed. According to the structural characteristics of the fin,a mathematical model of the surface area of the heat dissipation zone was obtained,and the main influencing factors were analyzed. Using computational fluid dynamics method,the cooling field analysis model of 8*3radiator was built. The inlet and outlet parameters separately settled,and the form of cooling air was changed,and blowing and suction modes was achieved. The influence of different fin spacing,thickness and width on the cooling performance of the radiator was analyzed,and the heat dissipation efficiency was analyzed to obtain the influence law of the parameters. Based on the automobile radiator cooling system test bench,the influence of fin parameter changes was tested and the simulation analysis was verified.The results show that: the fin spacing and thickness of the radiator are negatively correlated with the heat dissipation area,while the width is positively correlated. The flow field distribution of the coolant along the fin flow direction is stable,while the cooling air flow direction shows a step change. When the external factors are affected,the inlet and outlet cooling air settings have little effect on the cooling performance of the radiator. When considering the direction of the vehicle,the suction arrangement has a higher heat dissipation efficiency. Under the same working conditions and parameters,the experimental test results of the radiator temperature difference are consistent with the model simulation analysis,and the error of the temperature difference is controlled within 3%. It shows the reliability and accuracy of model analysis,and provides an important reference for such design and production.
作者
詹永富
张霞
王剑波
ZHAN Yong-fu;ZHANG Xia;WANG Jian-bo(Department of Automotive Engineering,Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Communications,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China;College of Physics and Engineering,Chengdu Nonnal University,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2022年第6期145-148,151,共5页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
四川省教育厅自然科学科研项目(重点项目)(08ZA141)。
关键词
汽车
散热器
计算流体力学
冷却性能
翅片
试验
Automobile
Radiator
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Cooling Performance
Fins
Test
