摘要
“一”与“多”间的哲学矛盾催生人类必然直面但无解的元问题,而作为和解之道的任何命题都因时空条件变动而改变。该元问题在民族研究领域可以表现为三种学术争端,即生成论与建构论之争、主体民族与民族平等之争、集体主义与个体主义之争,而具体到中华民族的议题研究,也因此出现不同的理论命题与主张。其中,中华民族“多元一体”命题遵循的逻辑路径是,地方民族从作为部分之“多”的历史事实出发,追求中华民族整体之“一”的未来理想,该命题之所以在过去数十年得以称道与践行,在于尊重中国历史与现实条件,回应中华民族在民族研究领域面对的元问题。“一体多元”新命题是基于中华民族的现实与未来追求,倒转“多元一体”命题的逻辑路径与关系次序,二者构成有效的互补性关联。新命题对民族研究领域中的元问题有新的回应,有利于推动中华民族研究的再出发,有着更强烈的时代感和明确的未来追求,不仅肯定“多元”的历史构成,还把百年追求的“一体”理想确认为既成事实,进而为“多元”的稳定夯实基础与保障条件。
The philosophical contradiction between“unity”and“diversity”is an almost insol⁃uble meta-question that human beings have to face,and any attempts at seeking a reconciliation be⁃tween them are conditioned by changes in time and space.In the field of nation studies,this question has given rise to three arguments:one about whether a nation is“created or constructed”,one about whether equality exists between the“dominant group and other ethnic groups”and one about whether a nation should be founded upon“collectivism or individualism”.When it comes to the studies of the Chinese nation,the question has also given rise to different theories and propositions.One proposition holds that the Chinese nation is one that features“diversity in unity”.The logic behind it is that the“diversified”local ethnic groups all pursue the ideal of a“unity”of the Chinese nation on the basis of historical facts.For several decades in the past,this proposition has had a large following and has been implemented at a practical level because it shows a respect for both Chinese history and reality.and answers the ultimate question regarding the studies of the Chinese nation.A new proposition is one that argues for“integrated diversity”of the Chinese nation,and responds to its needs in reality and in the future.It reverts the logic and order of the first proposition and is an effective complement to it.The new proposition is a new response to the meta-question in nation studies and is conducive to pro⁃moting studies of the Chinese nation with focuses laid on both the present and the future.For it not on⁃ly affirms“diversity”as a historical construct,but also recognizes the centenary ideal of“unity”as an established fact,and provides a solid foundation and guarantee for the stability of“diversity”.
出处
《思想战线》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期1-12,共12页
Thinking
关键词
中华民族
“多元一体”
“一体多元”
命题
Chinese Nation
“Diversity in Unity”
“Integrated Diversity”
proposition
