摘要
目的为了解大理地区阿尔茨海默病(AD)和轻度认知损害(MCI)的流行病学情况,探讨当地白族和汉族人群认知状况的差异及可能的影响因素。方法对大理地区457名≥50岁居民进行人口学和健康史的横断面调查,用简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)结合哈金斯基缺血指数量表(HIS)初筛AD及MCI患者,用χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归对调查数据进行分析。结果纳入当地50及以上岁人群457人。AD总体患病率为5.03%,患病率随着年龄段的升高而增加(P<0.01);白族患病率为2.39%,汉族患病率为8.25%,后者患病风险约是前者的4倍(P<0.01,OR=3.98);男性患病率为2.56%,女性患病率为7.73%,女性的患病风险约是男性的3倍(P<0.05,OR=3.14);喝茶、上网是保护因素(P<0.05,OR_(喝茶)=0.34,OR_(上网)=0.15)。MCI总体患病率为13.13%;白族患病率为7.18%,汉族患病率为20.39%,汉族的患病风险约是白族的3倍(P<0.01,OR=2.97);患病率随着文化程度的提升而降低(P<0.05),随着锻炼频率的增加而降低(P<0.05),无配偶是危险因素(P<0.05,OR=2.15),棋牌娱乐是保护因素(P<0.05,OR=0.49)。结论大理地区女性、高龄人群的AD患病率较高,MCI高患病率与汉族、低文化程度、无配偶等因素相关。两种认知障碍在白族中的患病率均较汉族低,可进一步探究其原因。
Objective To investigate the epidemiology of Alzheimer′s disease(AD)and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in Dali area,and to explore the cognitive differences between Bai nationality and Han nationality and analyze the possible influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional study about demographic and health history was conducted in 457residents aged≥50 years in Dali area.Patients with AD and MCI were screened by MMSE combined with Hachinski Ischemic Scale(HIS),and the data were analyzed by Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression.Results A total of 457people aged≥50 in Dali area were enrolled.The overall prevalence of AD was 5.03%.The prevalence of AD increased with the increase of age(P<0.01).The prevalence rate was 2.39%in Bai nationality and 8.25%in Han nationality,and the risk of Bai nationality was about 4 times higher than that of Han Nationality(P<0.01,OR=3.98).The prevalence rate was 2.56%in male and 7.73%in female,and the risk of female was 3.14 times higher than that of male(P<0.05,OR=3.14).And drinking tea and surfing the Internet were protective factors(P<0.05,OR_(drinking tea)=0.34,OR_(surfing the Internet)=0.15).The overall prevalence of MCI was 13.13%.The prevalence rate of Bai nationality was 7.18%,and that of Han nationality was 20.39%,and the risk of Han nationality was about 3 times that of Bai nationality(P<0.01,OR=2.97).The prevalence of MCI decreased with the increase of education level(P<0.05),and with the increase of exercise frequency(P<0.05).No spouse was a risk factor(P<0.05,OR=2.15),and chess and card entertainment was a protective factor(P<0.05,OR=0.49).Conclusion The prevalence of AD is higher in women and elderly population in Dali area.The high prevalence of MCI is related to low education level and no spouse.The prevalence of the two cognitive disorders in Bai nationality is lower than that in Han nationality.
作者
张丽梅
陈博
余江涛
杨明悦
李英
赵海梅
周鑫
张本斯
ZHANG Li-mei;CHENBo;YU Jiang-tao;YANG Ming-yue;LI Ying;ZHAO Hai-mei;ZHOU Xin-pei;ZHANG Ben-si(Department of Anatomy,School of Basic Medicine,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan Province 671000,China)
出处
《解剖学研究》
CAS
2022年第2期123-129,共7页
Anatomy Research
基金
云南省院士专家工作站(202005AF150014)
云南省高校医学分子诊断重点实验室(NO.16)
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(202002086036)
大理大学神经生物学创新团队(ZKLX2019108)。
关键词
阿尔茨海默病
轻度认知损害
流行病学
大理白族
Alzheimer′s disease
Mild cognitive impairment
Epidemiology
Bai nationality in Dali
