摘要
非遗文化空间的生产过程被挤压乃至消解,是历史古镇发展中的常见现象,具体表现在非遗传承断层与文化空间失活、非遗过度产业化和空间文化性丧失、文化空间同质化与非遗认同感降低等方面。厘清非遗与文化空间之间“空间、要素、主体”三方面的关系,在此基础上构建“非遗文化—生产主体—空间”三元辩证的文化空间生产分析框架;以崇州怀远古镇为例,对民间力量主导下的自发建构、政府与本土企业合作的资源集聚,以及借助外力对文化空间符号化与商业化拓展构想等不同历史阶段的文化空间生产过程与实践结果进行剖析;从文化空间演化、文化空间符号化逻辑、文化生产参与主体三个方面,揭示了历史古镇文化空间生产过程的典型机制。对历史古镇构建具有非遗特色的文化空间格局和场所具有一定参考价值。
The inheritance of intangible cultural heritage is a process of continuous renewal and development of culture,whose essence is a kind of cultural production.Cultural production takes culture and capital as means of production,while inheriting intangible cultural heritage,it also affects the changes and sustainable development of cultural space.It is a common phenomenon in the development of historical ancient towns that the production process of intangible cultural space has been squeezed and dissipated.It is embodied in the intangible cultural heritage faults and cultural space inactivation,the excessive industrialization and cultural loss of intangible cultural heritage,the homogenization of cultural space and reduction of intangible cultural heritage identity,and so on.Based on the perspective of intangible cultural heritage inheritance,the cognition of the production process and mechanism of cultural space in historical ancient towns is still insufficient.The specific relations between the space,elements,and participants of intangible cultural heritage inheritance,understanding the evolution characteristics of cultural space,the production process and practical results of cultural space in historical ancient towns needs to be described.These are the contents that need to be deeply discussed in the development of ancient towns’cultural space under the goal of intangible cultural heritage inheritance.This paper clarifies the relations of“space,elements and participants”between intangible cultural heritage and cultural space,establishing a analysis framework of cultural space production based on the ternary dialectic of“intangible cultural heritage-participantscultural space”.Then it takes Huaiyuan ancient town in Chongzhou as an example,analyzing the production process and practical results of cultural space in different historical stages,which can be divided into three stages:the rattan stage of spontaneous construction under the leadership of folk forces,the rattan art stage of resource agglomeration through the cooperation between government and local enterprises,and the rattan cultural stage of symbolic and commercial conception of cultural space with the help of external forces.From three aspects of the evolution of cultural space,the logic of cultural space symbolization,and the participants of cultural production,this paper further analyzes the typical spatial production mechanism of cultural space in historical ancient towns.Firstly,the cultural space form of Huaiyuan rattan weaving has experienced three evolution stages of“point-line-surface”,and the process of spatial evolution from the inside to the outside in the historical ancient town.Secondly,Huaiyuan rattan weaving has experienced the transition process of“cultural resources-local economic capital-symbolic cultural capital”.In this process,the form of intangible cultural heritage is constantly changing and its connotation is expanding.Finally,the production subjects of Huaiyuan rattan weaving cultural space has shown a trend of diversification,but the market subject is lacking,the main force of local enterprises is always relatively weak,and there is a lack of local participants.According to the analysis framework,interpreting the evolution of the three development stages of“Huaiyuan rattan weaving”cultural space can better reveal the typical characteristics of cultural space production from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage inheritance.The participants of cultural space production is more diversified,which is no longer limited to Huaiyuan rattan weaving practitioners.The symbols of Huaiyuan rattan weaving are also constantly generalized,gradually expanding from the inside of the industry to the inside of the small town society,and even to a larger social field,so as to realize the integration of industry,culture and residents’life in the spiritual field and ideological field.However,we have to remain vigilant about the problems in the current production,such as spatial confusion,weakening of culture,limited spatial development,reduced recognition of intangible cultural heritage,difficulties in the transformation of spatial“cultural symbols”,and so on.In addition,it needs more concerning that whether the multiple participants such as intangible cultural heritage inheritors,local governments,social organizations and volunteers can strengthen cooperation,and whether they can continue to carry out the co-creation of intangible cultural heritage themes and related cultural space practices.Only in this way,in the face of strong capital,can it be possible to fully respond to the cultural space representation of intangible cultural heritage inheritance needs with a relatively reasonable mechanism.Then it can build productive,living and cultural places with the characteristics of intangible cultural heritage,as well as a good and orderly cultural space pattern.It has certain reference value for the construction of cultural spatial pattern and place with intangible cultural heritage characteristics in historical ancient towns.
作者
赵炜
杨文艳
吴潇
ZHAO Wei;YANG Wenyan;WU Xiao
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2022年第2期7-14,共8页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878558)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(YJ201932)。
关键词
非遗传承
文化空间
空间生产
怀远古镇
Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance
Cultural Space
Space Production
Huaiyuan Ancient Town
