摘要
玉米整齐度与产量关系密切。通过对河北省曲周县夏玉米季示范区30个农户的玉米地块调查采样,研究了玉米株高整齐度、穗位整齐度和穗部性状整齐度与产量的关系,以及主要栽培管理措施对玉米穗部主要性状整齐度的影响。结果表明:除穗位整齐度与产量呈不显著负相关外,其他性状整齐度均与产量呈正相关,其中玉米株高整齐度、穗长整齐度和穗粗整齐度与产量呈不显著正相关,穗行数整齐度和行粒数整齐度与产量呈显著正相关,单穗重整齐度与产量呈极显著正相关;收获期密度达到7.5万株/hm^(2)以上时穗行数整齐度、行粒数整齐度和单穗重整齐度均较高,而播期和施氮量对这3个穗部性状均影响不显著。根据本研究结果,提出了以提高玉米整齐度为措施的高产高效栽培技术。
The uniformity of maize is closely related to yield.Through the investigation and sampling of maize plots of 30 farmers in the summer maize season demonstration area in Quzhou County,Hebei Province,the relationship between maize plant height uniformity,ear position uniformity,ear characters uniformity and yield was studied,as well as the effects of cultivation and management measures on the uniformity of ear characters of maize.The results showed that except that the ear position uniformity was not significantly negatively correlated with yield,the uniformity of other characters was positively correlated with yield.Among them,the uniformities of plant height,ear length and ear diameter of maize were not significantly positively correlated with yield,those of rows per ear and kernels per ear were significantly positively correlated with yield,and that of single ear weight was extremely significantly positively correlated with yield.When the planting density was 75000 plants/hm^(2),the uniformities of rows per ear,kernels per row and single ear weight were high.The sowing date and nitrogen application rate had no significant effect on ear characters.According to the results of this study,high yield and high efficiency cultivation techniques were put forward to improve the uniformity of maize.
作者
魏素君
奚俊杰
WEI Su-jun;XI Jun-jie(Anhui Sierte Fertilizer Industry Co.Ltd,Ningguo 242300,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2022年第2期35-39,共5页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200401)。
