摘要
为探究适合辽西北农牧交错带人工草地种植的水肥配比,以羊草为对象,系统地分析了水分添加(0和400mm)和氮磷肥(氮素:0、5、10和20g/m^(2)/a;磷素:0和10g/m^(2)/a)配施对羊草营养价值和矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明:(1)增水处理显著降低了羊草粗脂肪含量,显著提高了酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量,适口性降低;(2)增施氮肥显著提高了羊草粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、体外干物质消化率、钙以及镁元素含量,极显著降低了酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量,可有效提升羊草品质,且随着施氮量的增加,各指标对氮肥的响应幅度增大;(3)增施磷肥对羊草12项品质指标均无显著影响;(4)羊草粗灰分、粗脂肪、木质素、可溶性碳水化合物、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维以及钙、镁元素与粗蛋白之间存在极显著相关关系;(5)主成分分析结果显示,水肥配比为水分0mm+磷素10g/m^(2)/a+氮素20g/m^(2)/a时羊草品质较高。综上,虽然磷素对羊草品质无显著正效应,但结合主成分分析结果,推荐生产者采用磷素10g/m^(2)/a+氮素20g/m^(2)/a的肥料配比,且不推荐加倍增水处理。在辽西北农牧交错带羊草人工草地,氮素仍然是最主要限制因子,可适度增施磷肥,但仍需考虑施肥方式,以获得较高的羊草品质。
In order to explore the suitable water and fertilizer ratio for artificial grassland planting in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northwest of Liaoning province,we took Leymus chinensis as the object,and systematically analyzed the effects of water(0,400mm),nitrogen fertilizer(Nitrogen:0,5,10 and 20 g/m^(2)/a and phosphate fertilizer(Phosphorus:0 and 10 g/m^(2)/a)addition on nutritional value and mineral element content of L.chinensis in artificial grassland.The results showed that:(1)Increasing water treatment significantly reduced the ether extract(EE)content,increased the acid detergent fiber(ADF)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF),and reduced the palatability of L.chinensis;(2)Nitrogen addition significantly increased the crude protein(CP)content,EE content,crude ash(Ash)content,in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD),calcium(Ca)and magnesium(Mg)contents of L.chinensis,and significantly reduced the contents of ADF and NDF,and effectively improved the quality of L.chinensis.With the increase of nitrogen application,the response range of each parameter to nitrogen fertilizer increased;(3)Increasing phosphorus fertilizer had no significant effects on the 12 quality parameters of L.chinensis.(4)There was a significant correlation between CP and Ash,EE,lignin,water soluble carbohydrate(WSC),ADF,NDF,Ca and Mg;(5)The results of principal component analysis showed that the quality of L.chinensis was higher when the ratio of water and fertilizer was 0 mm of water,10 g/m^(2)/a of phosphorus and 20 g/m^(2)/a of nitrogen.In summary,although phosphorus had no significant positive effect on the forage quality of L.chinensis,combined with the results of principal component analysis,the fertilizer of 10 g/m^(2)/a phosphorus and 20 g/m^(2)/a nitrogen was recommended for producers,and double irrigation was not suggested.Nitrogen was the main limiting factor in the management of L.chinensis artificial grassland in the agro-pastoral ecotone in northwestern Liaoning.Phosphate fertilizer could be fertilized moderately,but fertilization methods still need to be considered to obtain higher quality of L.chinensis.
作者
赵京东
宋彦涛
徐鑫磊
乌云娜
ZHAO Jing-dong;SONG Yan-tao;XU Xin-lei;Wuyunna(College of Environment and Resources,Dalian Minzu University,Dalian 116600,China)
出处
《中国草地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期85-94,共10页
Chinese Journal of Grassland
基金
国家自然科学基金(32171556、31971750)
辽宁省自然科学基金(2020-MZLH-17)
大连民族大学-西藏农牧学院联合基金(DLMZ-NMXY2021002)。
关键词
人工草地
水肥耦合
羊草
牧草品质
Artificial grassland
Ratio of water and fertilizer
Leymus chinensis
Forage quality
