摘要
目的基于"痰饮停聚"哮喘模型探究葶苈子化学拆分组分升降浮沉作用趋势,结合主成分分析明确其"沉降"药性物质基础,以期阐释葶苈子"沉降"药性的科学内涵。方法采用葶苈子互不交叉的化学组分:黄酮苷、黄酮苷元、低聚糖、多糖、脂肪油干预卵清白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)结合氢氧化铝凝胶建立的哮喘大鼠模型,检测呼吸系统(咳喘指标、酚红排泌量、支气管肺泡灌洗液中炎症因子水平、肺组织病理改变)、中枢系统(睡眠时间、自主活动、运动时间和距离)、循环系统(心功能、肾平均血流量)、消化系统(胃肠运动指标及激素水平)、泌尿系统(排尿量、汗点数),分析其作用趋势;利用IBM SPSS Statistics 23数据分析软件进行主成分分析,并进行综合评价,确定葶苈子干预哮喘大鼠的"沉降"药性物质基础及其可拆分性。结果低聚糖可减轻哮喘大鼠心、肺、肾系数异常(P<0.05、0.01),黄酮苷可减轻哮喘大鼠肝、肺、肾系数异常(P<0.05)。呼吸系统中,葶苈子黄酮苷、低聚糖、脂肪油可减轻哮喘大鼠肺部炎性因子水平及细胞凋亡(P<0.05、0.01),改善咳喘指标及肺和气管组织病变,以低聚糖和脂肪油最佳,黄酮苷次之;中枢系统中,低聚糖可减少哮喘大鼠自主活动次数(P<0.05);循环系统中,黄酮苷、低聚糖、脂肪油可降低哮喘大鼠心率(P<0.05),改善肾功能(P<0.01),黄酮苷可增加射血分数和缩短分数(P<0.05),改善心功能;消化系统中,黄酮苷、低聚糖、脂肪油可促进哮喘大鼠肠道运动,增加胃动素含量,减少胃泌素含量(P<0.05);泌尿系统中,葶苈子低聚糖、脂肪油可增加哮喘大鼠排尿量(P<0.05、0.01),但对汗点数无影响。不同给药组对中药功效药理学评价系统综合评分结果为:低聚糖>脂肪油>黄酮苷>黄酮苷元>多糖,且以前3者作用最佳。结论葶苈子低聚糖、脂肪油、黄酮苷组分通过引积聚于胸间的痰饮下行,促肺肃降,使肺之宣肃正常,导气机以下行,缓解痰内伏于肺、肃降不及引发的咳喘之症,是葶苈子发挥"沉降"药性的物质基础。
Objective To explore the trend of ascending and descending of split components of Tinglizi(Descurainiae Semen, DS) based on the model of asthma with phlegm retention and clarify the substance basis of descending properties of DS combined with principal component analysis in order to explain the scientific connotation of descending properties of DS. Methods Non-crossing chemical components of DS including flavonoid glycoside(FG), flavonoid aglycone(FA), oligosaccharide(Oli), polysaccharide(Pol) and fat oil(FO) were used to interfere with asthma rats established by ovalbumin combined with aluminum hydroxide gel to detect respiratory system(cough and asthma indexes, excretion of phenol red, inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), pathological changes), central nervous system(sleep time, autonomic activity, movement time and distance), circulatory system(cardiac function, renal blood flow), digestive system(gastrointestinal movement indicators and hormone levels), urinary system(urine output and sweat points), and analyze its trend of action;IBM SPSS Statistics 23 data analysis software for principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation was used to determine the substance basis of descending property and resolvability of DS in asthma rats. Results Oli could alleviate the abnormalities of heart, lung and kidney coefficients(P < 0.05, 0.01), and FG could alleviate the abnormalities of lung and kidney coefficients(P < 0.05). In the respiratory system, FG, Oli and FO could reduce the level of inflammatory factors and apoptosis in lung(P < 0.05, 0.01), improved asthmatic indexes and the pathological changes of lung and trachea, among which Oli and FO were the best, followed by FG. In the central system, Oli could reduce the number of voluntary activities(P < 0.05). In the circulatory system, FG, Oli and FO could reduce the heart rate(P < 0.05) and protect the kidney function(P < 0.01). FG could increase the ejection fraction and shortening fraction(P < 0.05), and improved the heart function. In the digestive system, FG, Oli and FO promoted intestinal motility, increased motilin and decreased gastrin(P < 0.05). In the urinary system, Oli and FO increased urine output(P < 0.05, 0.01), but had no effect on sweat points. The comprehensive scoring results of pharmacological evaluation system for efficacy of Chinese medicines in different administration groups were as follows: Oli > FO > FG > FA > Pol, and the former three had the best effect. Conclusion FG, Oli and FO induce the phlegm that accumulates in the chest to descend, promote lung suppression, normalize the lungs, and move the qiji down to alleviate the symptoms of cough and asthma caused by sputum falling in the lungs, and the three components are the substance basis for DS to develop the “descending” property.
作者
袁培培
侯颖
李潘营
阮元
陈祎
高丽媛
魏亚新
夏永刚
冯卫生
郑晓珂
YUAN Pei-pei;HOU Ying;LI Pan-ying;RUAN Yuan;CHEN Yi;GAO Li-yuan;WEI Ya-xin;XIA Yong-gang;FENG Wei-sheng;ZHENG Xiao-ke(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-constructed by Henan province&Education Ministry of P.R.China,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《中草药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期449-460,共12页
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
基金
国家重点研发计划—中医药现代化研究项目(2019YFC1708802)
河南省高层次人才特殊支持计划“中原千人计划”—中原领军人才(ZYQR2018100)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A360014)
河南中医药大学博士科研基金资助项目(RSBSJJ2018-04)。
关键词
葶苈子
化学拆分组分
痰饮停聚
沉降药性
主成分分析
低聚糖
脂肪油
黄酮苷
Descurainiae Semen
split components
phlegm retention
descending property
principal component analysis
oligosaccharide
fat oil
flavonoid glycoside
