摘要
院前急救是直接连接医院和事故发生现场的紧急措施,及时高效的急救资源直接保障人民生命安全.现有研究多基于站点讨论急救资源的空间可达性,较少关注站点分布的公平性和选址问题.本文以社区为单元,使用考虑供需特征的改进两步移动搜索法分析当前武汉市社区急救资源的可达性和站点服务效率,并考虑站点分布的公平性实施优化选址.实验结果表明站点密集地区受高急救需求的影响,实际服务效率较低,急救资源可达性也较低;站点稀疏地区急救需求相对低,此时空间距离直接决定急救资源可达性高低.进一步识别可达性较低的冷点区域,提取其中具备潜在急救能力的9个二级以上医院作为待选点,逐一对比新增站点后急救资源的服务效率和公平性,得出实验中的8号待选点(洪山区东湖东路的东湖医院)最优,可视化对比证明增加该站点后急救资源可达性和急救系统服务能力均明显提升.研究结果将为武汉市急救站点建设提供实证参考.
Pre-hospital first aid is an emergency measure directly linking the hospital and the accident site,and timely and efficient first aid resources directly protect the safety of people’s lives.Existing studies are mostly based on sites discussing the first aid resources spatial accessibility,and pay less attention to the fairness of site distribution and site location.In this paper,taking the community as the unit,the improved two-step floating catchment area method considering the characteristics of supply and demand is used to analyze the first aid sites service efficiency and community first aid resources accessibility currently in Wuhan,and comprehensively consider the fairness of the site distribution to optimize the site location.The experimental results show that the current site-intensive areas are affected by high first aid demand,the actual sites service efficiency is low,and the first aid resources accessibility is also low;the demand for first aid in sparse site areas is relatively low,and the spatial distance to the existing site directly determines the first aid resources accessibility.This paper further identifies the cold point area with low accessibility,extracts 9 secondary above hospitals with potential emergency capabilities as the points to be selected,compares the service efficiency and fairness of the first aid resources after adding the new sites one by one,and concludes that the 8th selection point(East Lake Hospital on East Lake East Road in Hongshan District)in the experiment is the best.Visual comparison proves that the first aid resources accessibility and the service capabilities of the emergency system are significantly improved after adding this site.The research results will provide an empirical reference for the construction of first aid sites in Wuhan.
作者
张昕怡
安睿
刘艳芳
Zhang Xinyi;An Rui;Liu Yanfang(School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期49-54,共6页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503601).
关键词
急救站点
改进两步移动搜索法
可达性
服务效率
公平性
优化选址
first aid sites
improved two-step floating catchment area method
accessibility
service efficiency
fairness
location optimization
