摘要
为了探索适宜陕北地区的谷子大豆带状间作种植模式,以谷子(MM)和大豆(SS)单作为对照,设置了9种不同行比配置下的间作处理,从作物产量和农艺性状,以及经济效益角度进行比较分析。结果表明:带状间作虽然降低了谷子和大豆单位面积产量,但实现了土地的高效利用和农田高产出,与单作谷子、单作大豆相比,带状间作处理的土地当量比均大于1,土地利用效率提高了23.0%~43.0%,作物群体混合产量增加了4.0%~27.0%、43.8%~75.7%。间作条件下,随着谷子间作行数的增加,谷子的穗长和单穗重增加,株高、茎粗、穗粗下降;与单作相比,间作大豆的株高、百粒重增加,每荚粒数减少,其他指标数值增减不一。综合比较各间作处理,谷豆行比4∶3处理下混合产量最高达4172.4kg·hm^(-2),谷豆行比4∶2处理下经济效益最大为24862.0元·hm^(-2),处理间差异不显著。因此,选择带幅1.55 m,4行谷子搭配2行大豆是适宜陕北地区的谷豆间作模式。
In order to explore the suitable strip intercropping pattern of millet and soybean in the northern area of Shaanxi,millet(MM)and soybean(SS)sheets were used as controls to set up nine intercropping treatments under different row ratio configurations,and crop yields,agronomic traits and economic benefits were analyzed.The results showed that the strip intercropping pattern reduced the yield per unit area of millet and soybean,but realized the efficient use of land and the high yield of farmland.Compared with monoculture millet and monoculture soybean,the land equivalent ratio of the strip intercropping treatment was greater than 1,the land use efficiency increased by 23.0%~43.0%,and the mixed yield of the crop population increased by 4.0%~27.0%,43.8%~75.7%.Under the intercropping condition,with the increase of row number of millet intercropping,the ear length and single ear weight of millet increased,but plant height,the diameter of stalk and ear-corn decreased;compared with monocropping,plant height and 100-seed weight of intercropping soybean increased,while the number of seeds per pod decreased,the values of other indexes increased or decreased differently.After the comprehensive comparison of the intercropping treatments,the mixed yield was the highest under the 4∶3(four ridge millet and three ridge soybean)intercrop planting patterns,reaching 4172.4 kg·hm^(-2),the economic benefit of the 4∶2(four ridge millet and two ridge soybean)intercrop planting pattenrs was the largest,being 24862.0 yuan·hm^(-2),and there was no significant difference among different treatments.Therefore,the planting width of 1.55 meters and 4∶2(four ridge millet and two ridge soybean)intercropping pattern are suitable for the northern area of Shaanxi.
作者
张明君
杜娟
张强
何小霞
梁福琴
邹亚亚
王波
邓长芳
李得孝
ZHANG Mingjun;DU Juan;ZHANG Qiang;无;LIANG Fuqin;ZOU Yaya;WANG Bo;DENG Changfang;LI Dexiao(Yan'an Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yan'an 716000,China;Agricultural Mechinery Technology Extension and Service Center of Baota District,Yan’an,Shaanxi 716000 China;College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《陕西农业科学》
2021年第12期25-31,共7页
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences
关键词
陕北地区
谷子
大豆
间作模式
Northern Shaanxi region
Millet
Soybean
Interplanting mode
