摘要
语言规划学是研究语言规划的科学,其本质是关于语言功能的学问,要探讨语言究竟有哪些功能,对人类来说哪些是有利的正功能,哪些是有害的负功能,这些功能的发生原理和运作机理如何,怎样利用和调节这些原理和机理来使语言的正功能得到充分发挥,使语言的负功能得到遏制。语言规划学发端于二十世纪五十年代,中国语言规划学是在总结中国语言规划经验中产生、在借鉴国际研究成果中发展起来的。近二十年来,中国语言规划以“语言生活”为基础概念,提出了构建和谐语言生活、保护和开发语言资源、提升国家语言能力、重视语言的经济属性、树立“大华语”意识、语言扶贫、构建应急语言服务体系等一系列理念。这些理念有效指导着中国的语言规划实践,并逐渐产生国际影响。一个有解释力的语言规划学,需从古今中外的语言规划实践中汲取营养,并能够解释、评判历史上已有的语言规划,预判某地、某国正在发生的语言规划问题,为某国家、某组织、某地区、某领域做出科学的语言规划。语言规划的追求应是:构建和谐语言生活,提升个人和群体的语言能力,保护和开发语言资源,促进社会发展进步。
Language planning studies is a science that studies language planning.It focuses on discussing what functions language has,what functions are positive to human beings and what functions are negative,what the occurring principles and operation mechanisms of the functions are,and how to utilize and adjust these principles and mechanisms to bring into full play the positive functions and curb the negative functions.Studies of language planning was initiated in the 1950s and that in China was born out of a summarization of the Chinese language planning experience and has developed on the basis of international research achievements.In the recent two decades,language planners in China,based on the concept of“language life”,have advanced a series of ideas on language planning,such as constructing a harmonious language life,protecting and developing language resources,promoting national language competence,emphasizing the economic properties of language,establishing the awareness of the“greater Chinese language”,alleviating poverty through language teaching,and building language services for emergencies,etc.These ideas,which have effectively guided China’s language planning practices,will gradually produce international influences.Language planning with interpretative powers needs to draw inspirations from language planning practices,either ancient or modern,in China or out of China.It should be capable of interpreting and judging previous language planning practices,anticipating issues of language planning occurring in other places or countries,and making scientific plans for a country,an organization,a region,or a field of study.Language planning should aim at construction a harmonious language life,improving the linguistic competence of individuals and groups,protecting and developing language resources,and promoting social development.
出处
《辞书研究》
2022年第1期1-17,I0001,共18页
Lexicographical Studies
关键词
语言规划
语言功能
语言生活
语言资源
语言扶贫
应急语言服务
language planning
language functions
language life
language resources
poverty alleviation through language teaching
language services for emergencies
