摘要
为探明八角开花坐果期营养需求动态及其落花落果规律,研究21 a生八角成熟林不同品种植株叶片N、P、K、Na、Mg、Zn和B营养元素含量的动态变化及其落花落果情况。结果显示:不同品种八角开花坐果期叶片N、P、K、Na、Mg、Zn和B营养元素含量的变化规律大致相同,抽蕾至谢花阶段是N、P、K、Na和Mg元素的高需求期,谢花坐果后对P元素需求明显减少,谢花后1个月即坐果初期是Zn元素的高需求期,盛花期及幼果初期是B元素的高需求期;累计落花率48.37%~55.90%,硬枝类和淡红花类落花率稍高,品种间差异不显著;谢花之后2个月落果率35.60%~61.06%,谢花之后3个月累计落果率升至46.55%~68.97%,普通枝类和红花类落果率较高,柔枝类和白花类落果率较低,品种间差异不显著。可得结论:为促进八角开花和结果,应在花期来临之前施足N、P、K元素肥料,且肥料中添加适量的Zn、B等微量元素。
In order to explore the dynamic demand for nutrient,and the rules of flower and fruit drop in flowering and fruit-setting stage about Illicium verum,the dynamic of nutrient elements contents of N,P,K,Na,Mg,Zn and B in leaves and the situation of flower and fruit drop were studied,and the test materials were different varieties of 21 years mature forest of Illicium verum.The results showed that the change rules of contents of N,P,K,Na,Mg,Zn and B in leaves during flowering and fruit-setting stage were roughly the same for different varieties of Illicium verum.Combining with the analysis of the changes of nutrient content in leaves and the reproductive process of flowering and fruit-setting,it was found that the high demand period of N,P,K,Na and Mg elements was from bud extraction to fading flower.After fruit-setting,the demand of P element was obviously reduced.The high demand period of Zn element was one month after flowering,namely the early stage of fruit-setting.The high demand period of B element was the stage of flowering and early young fruit.The cumulative flower drop rate was ranged from 48.37%to 55.90%,and the varieties of hard branches and light red flower were slightly higher,but there was no significant difference between varieties.Two months later of fading flower,the fruit drop rate was 35.60%~61.06%,and three months later,it raised up to 35.60%~61.06%,the varieties of common branches and red flower were higher,and soft branches and red flower were lower,but there was no significant difference between varieties.According to the study,we believe that in order to promote flowering and fruiting for cultivation of Illicium verum,fertilizers of N,P and K element should be applied enough before flowering,and should be added suitable addition of Zn,B and other microelement.
作者
黄开顺
潘晓芳
欧军
曾祥艳
廖健明
梁文汇
HUANG Kai-shun;PAN Xiao-fang;OU Jun;ZENG Xiang-yan;LIAO Jian-ming;LIANG Wen-hui(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Characteristic Non-wood Forest Cultivation&Utilization,National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Technology Research Center of Anise&Cinnamon,Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Woody Spices,Nanning Guangxi 530002,P.R.China;Forestry College of Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004,P.R.China;Guangxi State-owned Paiyangshan Forest Farm,Ningming Guangxi 532200,P.R.China)
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期1-7,共7页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
基金
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB1850014、桂科AB18221040)
广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室开放课题(15-B-04-01)
第八批广西特聘专家专项。
关键词
八角
开花
坐果
营养元素
落花率
落果率
Illicium verum Hook.f.
flowering
fruit-setting
nutrient elements
flower drop rate
fruit drop rate
