摘要
城市应急事件影响下儿童行为特征对人员步行紧急疏散能力有重要影响。以天津市津塘路片区为例,首先针对夜间应急事件构建“部分儿童独立疏散且静止”的人群疏散模型,通过Anylogic仿真模拟量化分析制约人群疏散的关键因素;然后基于儿童友好街区理念提出疏散优化策略,并进行模拟验证。结果表明:儿童静止行为影响人员步行紧急疏散效率,从应急避难场所布局、疏散路径设计、街道空间安全、配套设施可用、协同疏散宣传等方面进行优化后,城市高密度街区外部空间的人员步行紧急疏散能力得到了有效提升。
The behavioral characteristics of children under the influence of urban emergency events have an important impact on the efficiency of pedestrian emergency evacuation.Taking Jintang Road District in Tianjin as an example,this article first constructs an evacuation model of‘some children evacuating independently and being still’for nighttime emergency events,and analyzes the key factors restricting evacuation capacity by Anylogic.Based on the concept of child-friendly block,it then proposes and simulates the evacuation optimization strategies.The results show that children’s static behavior affects the efficiency of pedestrian emergency evacuation.After optimizing the emergency shelter layout,evacuation path design,street space safety,supporting facilities available and coordinated evacuation publicity,the pedestrian emergency evacuation capacity of the outer space of high-density blocks has been effectively improved.
出处
《新建筑》
2021年第6期94-100,共7页
New Architecture
基金
天津市自然科学基金项目(19JCYBJC22400)
“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502903)
天津大学自主创新基金(2021XSC-0036)。
关键词
儿童行为
高密度街区
人员步行紧急疏散
仿真模拟
优化策略
children’s behavior
high-density block
pedestrian emergency evacuation
simulation
optimization strategy
