摘要
为研究饲料中添加大蒜(Allium sativum)和茯苓(Poria cocos)对养殖鱼类肠道结构和肠道微生物群落的影响,试验选取草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)幼鱼[(12.11±0.2)g]为研究材料,分为4组,对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验A组、B组和AB组分别在基础饲料中添加2%大蒜、1%茯苓、1%大蒜+0.5%茯苓。养殖8周后,对比分析肠道组织的形态、结构与免疫因子转录水平、抗氧化酶活力及微生物群落变化。结果表明:3个试验组草鱼肠道绒毛长度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);AB组肠道免疫因子补体C3(component C3)、溶菌酶(lysozyme,LYZ)的转录水平和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)的活力、谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量都极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);16S rRNA高通量测序分析显示,大蒜和茯苓混合添加降低了肠道致病菌拟杆菌(Bacteroidaceae)和弧菌(Vibriona⁃ceae)的丰度,增加了硝化细菌螺旋体(Brevinemataceae)的丰度。研究表明:饲料中添加大蒜能有效提高鱼肠道非特异免疫因子能力和改善肠道结构,添加茯苓能有效提高鱼肠道的抗氧化酶能力,而混合添加大蒜和茯苓能有效改善草鱼肠道结构、非特异性免疫、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群结构。
To study the effects of garlic(Allium sativum)and fu-ling(Poria cocos)on intestinal structure,function and intestinal microbial community of cultured fish,the juvenile fish of Ctenopharyngodon Idel⁃lus(12.11±0.2)g were selected and divided into four groups in this study.The control group was fed with basic diet,while groups A,B and AB were fed basic diet supplemented with 2%garlic,1%fu-ling,1%garlic and 0.5%fu-ling,respectively.After 8 weeks of cultivation,the morphology and structure of the intestinal tissue,the transcription level of immune factors,the activity level of antioxidant enzymes,and the changes of the microbial community were analyzed.The results showed that the intestinal villi length of grass carp in the three experimental groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The transcription level of intestinal immune factors(C3 and LYZ)and the activity level of antioxidant enzymes(SOD and GSH)in group AB were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the mixed addition of garlic and fuling reduced the abundance of intestinal pathogenic bacteria Bacteroidaceae and Vibrionaceae,mean⁃while,increased the abundance of probiotics Brevinemataceae.The results indicated that adding garlic in the feed could effectively improve the ability of non-specific immune factors and intestinal structure of fish,adding fu-ling could effectively improve the ability of antioxidant enzymes in fish intestine,while adding garlic and fu-ling into the feed could effectively improve the intestinal structure,non-specific im⁃munity,antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbe structure of grass carp.
作者
张三珊
刘海粟
林妙华
廖绍安
王安利
付胜利
ZHANG Sanshan;LIU Haisu;LIN Miaohua;LIAO Shaoan;WANG Anli;FU Shengli(School of Life Science,South China Normal University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture,Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education,Guangdong Guangzhou 510631,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第22期6-13,共8页
Feed Industry
基金
广州市科技计划项目[201804020058]:鲫鲩鲢鳙优质健康环保养殖关键技术研究与示范
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目[2020A1515111121]:大蒜素缓解铅暴露诱导草鱼氧化损伤及细胞凋亡的机制研究。
关键词
大蒜
茯苓
草鱼
肠道结构
肠道免疫因子
微生物
garlic
fu-ling
grass carp
intestinal structure
intestinal immune factors
microbe
