摘要
“英属印度”和“土邦印度”之分、1905年孟加拉分治、1947年印巴分治被视为英国在印度实行“分而治之”政策的重要举措,但在进行历史考察之后,人们会发现这些举措并非出于英国人的意愿。两个印度之分是英属东印度公司经济和军事实力有限、无法兼并所有土邦的结果。孟加拉分治最初是一个行政管理问题,只是在分治遭到印度教民族主义者的激烈反对后才转变为政治问题。印巴分治也非英国所愿,《1919年印度政府法》《西蒙委员会报告》《1935年印度政府法》和内阁使团方案等都充分表明,英印宪政改革的目标是成立包括英属印度和印度土邦在内的全印联邦,在和平与统一的基础上移交权力。
The division of British India and the Princely India,the partition of Bengal in 1905,and the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947,are often regarded as main measures of the British"Divide and Rule"policy in India.After being historically examined,these measures were not out of the intention of the British.The division of British India and the Princely India was the result of the limited financial and military power of the British East Indian Company.The Partition of Bengal was just an administration issue at first,but turned out to be a political issue under the intense protest of the Hindu nationalists.The Partition of India and Pakistan was not the wish of the British either.All the documents,such as"The Government of India Act 1919","The Simon Commission's Recommendations 1930","The Government of India Act 1935","The Cabinet Mission Plan"and so on,fully show that the goal of British Indian constitutional reform was to establish a federal union including British India and the Princely India,with a transfer of power on the basis of peace and unity.
作者
谌焕义
谌尧
SHEN Huanyi;SHEN Yao(School of Law and Politics,Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048,Guangdong,China;School of Marxism,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541001,Guangxi,China;School of Marxism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China)
出处
《岭南师范学院学报》
2021年第5期56-65,95,共11页
Journal of Lingnan Normal University
基金
国家社科基金后期资助一般项目(20FSSB020)。
关键词
英国
南亚
分而治之
孟加拉分治
印巴分治
Britain
South Asia
Divide and Rule
the partition of Bengal
the partition of India and Pakistan
