摘要
2016-2019年小麦季,在河北农业大学辛集实验站,以石麦15为供试品种,设4个处理:旋耕+春季2次灌水(RT2);深松+春季1次灌水(ST1);深松+春季2次灌水(ST2);旋耕+春季1次灌水(RT1),测定小麦开花与结实特性、灌浆和农田投入产出情况。结果表明:耕作与灌水次数对有效穗数无显著影响。1次和2次灌水条件下,深松处理均可显著降低不孕小穗数和不孕小穗比例,ST2和ST1处理穗粒数比RT2和RT1处理2个生长季分别高3.2%和5.7%。1水条件下,深松比旋耕处理有效灌浆期显著延长;2水条件下,降水较多的2018年表现为深松处理比旋耕处理提升灌浆速率;同次数灌水的深松条件下2个处理千粒重和旋耕处理相比,深松处理2个灌水次数的处理千粒重也均显著高于同样灌水次数旋耕条件下处理,2个生长季平均高4.8%。采用深松施肥旋耕一体化作业可有效降低农田耕作施肥投入,对提高收获指数和产投比也有积极意义,ST2比RT2分别提升4.8%和28.1个百分点,ST1比RT1分别提升和11.3%和46.0个百分点。
During the wheat season from 2016 to 2019,Shimai 15 was taken as the experimental variety and four treatments were set up in Xinji Experimental Station of Hebei Agricultural University,including rotary tillage with two irrigation in spring(RT2),subsoiling tillage with one irrigation in spring(ST1),subsoiling tillage with two irrigation in spring(ST2)and rotary tillage with one irrigation in spring(RT1),to measure the flowering and fruiting characteristics,grain-filling and field input and output of wheat.The results showed that the number of effective panicles was not significantly affected by the times of cultivation and irrigation.The number of sterile spikelets and the ratio of sterile spikelets in the treatment of ST2 and ST1 were 3.2%and 5.7%higher than those in the treatment of RT2 and RT1,respectively.Under the condition of one irrigation,the effective grouting period of subsoiling treatment was significantly longer than that of rotary tillage treatment;under the condition of twice irrigation,the filling rate of subsoiling treatment was higher than that of rotary tillage treatment in 2018 with more precipitation.Under the same irrigation times,the 1000-grain weight of the two subsoiling treatments was significantly higher than that of the rotary tillage treatment,with an average increase of 4.8%in the two growing seasons.The application of subsoil fertilization and rotary tillage could effectively reduce the input of tillage fertilization,and had positive significance to improve the harvest index and the ratio of production to input.ST2 was 4.8%and 28.1%higher than RT2,and ST1 was 11.3%and 46.0%higher than RT1,respectively.
作者
辛秀竹
石怡彤
张璐鑫
甄文超
尹宝重
XIN Xiu-zhu;SHI Yi-tong;ZHANG Lu-xin;ZHEN Wen-chao;YIN Bao-zhong(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei Province,China;College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation,Baoding 071001,Hebei Province,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province,Baoding 071001,Hebei Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第10期18-23,共6页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”课题(2018YFD0300505)
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划“粮食丰产科技工程”课题(2012BAD04B06)资助。
关键词
海河平原
冬小麦
耕作
灌水
产量要素
经济效益
Haihe plain
winter wheat
tillage
irrigation
yield factors
economic benefits
