《市景商业图》所见明清之际苏州的医药业:以眼科为中心

The Ophthalmology-centered medical industry in Suzhou in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties-from the Painting Album of Cityscapes and Business

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摘要《市景商业图册》成画于清早期,是通过对既往画稿的整理以回顾形式所绘的写实画作。图册描绘了明末清初苏州市区繁荣的商业与生活景象。其中医馆、药店等与医药相关的图像有10余处,与眼科相关的描绘共有7处,分别为眼科专科诊所1处、眼镜商铺2处、眼镜佩戴者2处、盲人3处,所绘眼科专科诊所及眼镜商铺在文献检索与历代古画检索中均未发现,可推测《市景商业图》为现存最早出现中国眼科专科诊所及眼镜商铺的画作图册,其对研究明末清初苏州的医药业,尤其是眼科专科诊疗相关情况提供了重要史料。 The Painting Album of Cityscapes and Business was finished in the early Qing Dynasty with realism.This painting album described the prosperity in business and everyday life in Suzhou during the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasties.They were drawn and painted retrospectively,ie,the content of the pictures was based on existing paintings handed down.In the painting album,more than ten medical-related elements were specifically depicted,such as traditional Chinese medicine clinics and pharmacies and seven ophthalmology-related elements including one clinic specialized in ophthalmology,two spectacle shops,two people wearing eyeglasses and three blind people.Up to now,no specialized ophthalmology clinics and spectacle shops have been found in earlier literature and paintings.It can be speculated that the Painting Album of Cityscapes and Business is the earliest album of paintings depicting clinics specialized in ophthalmology and spectacle shops in China.This painting album provides important information for the study of the medical industry in Suzhou in the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasties,particularly,in terms of ophthalmology-related diagnosis and treatment.

作者汪心海刘彤林潇翟敏吉敦亮高华 WANG Xinhai;LIU Tong;LIN Xiao;ZHAI Min;JI Dunliang;GAO Hua(Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China;School of Ophthalmology,Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China;Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University Shandong Eye Museum,Jinan 250021,China;Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250021,China)

机构地区山东第一医科大学附属眼科医院山东第一医科大学眼科学院山东第一医科大学附属眼科医院山东眼科博物馆山东中医药大学附属眼科医院

出处《中华医史杂志》 2021年第4期195-200,共6页 Chinese Journal of Medical History

关键词医药业眼科眼镜明末清初苏州《市景商业图册》诊疗 medical industry ophthalmology spectacles the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasties the Painting Album of Cityscapes and Business diagnosis and treatment

分类号 R2-09 [医药卫生—中医学]