摘要
在研究干旱问题时,由于研究的区域不同,其气候条件、致旱原因也不同,因此,并不能简单地采取某一种干旱指数来评定区域的旱情,必须总结该区域各指数的适用性,才能得到最适合该区域干旱研究的干旱指数。将新疆62个气象站点划分为12个分区,先将K干旱指数、干旱侦测指数(RDI)、标准化降水指数(SPI)和标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)等4种干旱指数的阈值进行本地化修正,再利用春、夏、秋3季最长连续无雨日数评价的干旱等级分别与各干旱指数的评价等级进行吻合度分析,最后利用年尺度的土壤湿度分别与各年尺度的干旱指数进行相关性分析。结果表明:①在春、夏、秋3季,K指数适用于东疆和南疆平原盆地地区的春旱与秋旱的监测,以及吐鄯托盆地的夏旱监测;RDI指数适用于北疆东部和北部3季的旱情监测、北疆沿天山一带和天山山区的春旱监测;SPI指数适用于天山和南疆西部山区的夏旱监测;SPEI指数适用于北疆西部和南疆西部山区的春旱监测,以及东疆、南疆、北疆西部和北疆沿天山一带的夏旱监测,北疆西部及北疆沿天山一带的秋旱监测。②在年尺度适用性上,K指数适用于北疆地区、南疆西部以及阿克苏地区;RDI指数适用于整个北疆地区;SPI指数适用于北疆沿天山一带、北疆西部、阿克苏地区以及南疆西部;SPEI指数适用于北疆沿天山一带、北疆西部和南疆西部山区。
In the study of drought,due to the different regions,the climate conditions and the causes of drought are different,we can not simply adopt a certain drought index to evaluate the drought situation in the region.It is necessary to summarize the applicability of each drought index in a region to obtain the most suitable drought index.In this paper,62 meteorological stations in Xinjiang were divided into 12 regions.Firstly,the thresholds of K index,Reconnaissance Drought Index(RDI),Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)were localized and modified.Then,the longest continuous rainless days in spring,summer and autumn were evaluated to obtain the drought grade,and the coincidence degree was analyzed between the drought grade and evaluation grade of each drought index.Finally,the correlation between the annual soil moisture and the drought indices of each year was analyzed.The results show that:①For spring,summer and autumn,K index is suitable for drought monitoring of spring and autumn in plain basin of Eastern and Southern Xinjiang,and drought monitoring of summer in Tushantuo Basin.RDI is suitable for drought monitoring of spring,summer and autumn in east and north of Northern Xinjiang,as well as the drought monitoring of spring along Tianshan Mountain Area and Tianshan Mountain area in Northern Xinjiang.SPI is suitable for drought monitoring of summer in Tianshan Mountain and western mountain area of Southern Xinjiang.SPEI is suitable for drought monitoring of spring in the west of Northern Xinjiang and the western mountains of Southern Xinjiang,as well as drought monitoring of summer in Eastern Xinjiang,Southern Xinjiang,west of Northern Xinjiang and along Tianshan Mountains Area in Northern Xinjiang,and drought monitoring of autumn in west of Northern Xinjiang and along Tianshan Mountains Area in Northern Xinjiang.②In terms of annual scale,K index is applicable to Northern Xinjiang,west of Southern Xinjiang and Aksu region.RDI is applicable to the whole Northern Xinjiang region.SPI is applicable to the area along Tianshan Mountain in Northern Xinjiang,west of Northern Xinjiang,Aksu region and west of Southern Xinjiang.SPEI is applicable to the area along Tianshan Mountain in Northern Xinjiang,west of Northern Xinjiang and the western mountains of Southern Xinjiang.
作者
王舒
肖高翔
WANG Shu;XIAO Gaoxiang(Meteorological Service Center of Xinjiang Urumqi Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830002,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2021年第9期86-92,100,共8页
Yangtze River
基金
中国沙漠气象科学研究基金项目(Sqj2017010)。
关键词
干旱指数
干旱阈值
土壤湿度
新疆
drought index
drought threshold
soil moisture
Xinjiang
