摘要
为筛选能有效抑制常见植物病害的生防真菌,从甘肃省景泰县马铃薯连作田植株根际土壤中分离获得一株木霉菌株TS-1。通过形态学特征和EF-1α序列分析,将其鉴定为长枝木霉Trichoderma longibrachiatum。采用对峙培养法测定TS-1对6种病原菌的抑制作用,并利用该菌株不同浓度的分生孢子悬浮液处理小麦种子,分析种子形态学指标的变化。以产孢量为指标,采用单因素实验进行发酵条件的初探。结果表明:长枝木霉菌株TS-1对茄病镰孢(Fusarium solani)、接骨木镰孢(F.sambucinum)和灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)的抑菌率均在70%以上,抑菌效果较好。与对照相比,该菌株对小麦种子有一定的促生作用。通过对该菌株固体发酵条件初探,发现发酵培养基主要成分秸秆和麸皮的最佳配比为9:1、大麦添加量10%、碳氮源分别为乳糖和硫酸铵时产孢量最大。上述试验证明,长枝木霉TS-1具有较好的生防应用潜力,可进一步扩大培养。
To screen biocontrol fungi that can effectively inhibit common plant diseases,a strain of Trichoderma TS-1 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a potato continuous cropping field in Jingtai County,Gansu Province.It was identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of translation elongation factor 1-alpha genes.The inhibitory effect of TS-1 on six different pathogens was determined by plate confrontation culture.Wheat seedlings were inoculated with TS-1 at different concentrations,and the seed morphological indices were analyzed.The fermentation conditions were evaluated using a single-factor method to determine the spore yield.The results show that T.longibrachiatum strain TS-1 has a positive bacteriostatic effect on Fusarium solani,F.sambucinum and Botrytis cinerea,and the inhibition rate is more than 70%.Compared with the control,it could promote the growth of wheat seeds to an extent.The maximum spore production is obtained using the TS-1 culture solids under the following fermentation condition:using the main ingredients of straw and bran as 9:1,adding 10%of barley,and taking lactose and ammonium sulphate as the carbon and nitrogen source.The above experiment shows that TS-1 has excellent biocontrol potential and its culture could be further expanded.
作者
张小杰
周天旺
王春明
郭成
Zhang Xiaojie;Zhou Tianwang;Wang Chunming;Guo Cheng(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2021年第27期105-111,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项“玉米茎基腐病防控技术研究和示范”(DW-X-2018019)
宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目“筛选和研制玉米茎基腐病高效防治药剂、生态调控剂和种衣剂”(2018BBF02018-15)。
关键词
长枝木霉
鉴定
拮抗
促生
固体发酵
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
identification
antagonism
growth-promoting
solid fermentation
