摘要
为探究辐射处理对朝天椒种子诱变效应的影响,确定辐射诱变朝天椒种子的最适宜条件。本研究选用朝天椒常规种‘中农千斤红’为试材,以25、50、100、200、300、400、500和600 Gy为辐射剂量处理,以不辐照(0 Gy)干种子为空白对照,分别对诱变种子发芽情况进行分析;60 d观测成苗植株形态状况和叶片气孔器特征;测定成苗叶片主要生理指标。结果表明,种子发芽力(发芽势,发芽率)、发芽指数、出苗率、成苗率和壮苗率随着辐射剂量的增加而降低,致畸率则上升;随着辐射剂量的增加,植株表型性状突变情况愈加明显;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和可溶性糖含量先上升后下降,在辐射剂量为400 Gy时出现最大值;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量一直呈现下降趋势,丙二醛(MDA)含量和相对电导度持续升高;叶片上、下表皮的气孔密度逐渐增加,保卫细胞长先增大后减小,保卫细胞宽和气孔开度先减小后增大。在^(60)Co-γ辐射为100 Gy时发现优良变异株,结合回归分析,最终确定该品种辐射剂量的半致死剂量为377.14 Gy,也为最适诱变剂量。通过朝天椒材料诱变以期获得一些可遗传的变异,能为诱变育种提供依据和参考。
In order to study the mutagenic effect of seeds of Capsicum frutescens by radiation,the optimum conditions of seeds of Capsicum frutescens were determined.In this study,we selected'Zhongnongqianjinhong'as the test material,the radiation doses of 25,50,100,200,300,400,500 and 600 Gy were used as control.The morphological and stomatal apparatus characteristics of the mature seedlings were observed for 60 days,and the main physiological indexes of the mature seedlings were measured.The results showed that the germination power(germination potential,germination rate),germination index,seedling emergence rate,seedling survival rate and strong seedling rate decreased with the increase of radiation dose,but the teratogenic rate increased with the increase of radiation dose,the phenotypic characters of the plants were more and more obvious,and the activities of superoxide dismutase activity,peroxidase activity,catalase activity and soluble sugar content increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum at radiation dose of 400 Gy.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid decreased,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and relative conductivity increased,the stomatal density of upper and lower epidermis increased gradually,and the length of guard cells increased first and then decreased,the guard cell width and stomatal opening decreased at first and then increased.Excellent mutants were found at^(60)Co-irradiation at 100 Gy,combined with regression analysis,the half-lethal dose of this variety was 377.14 Gy,which was also the most suitable mutagenic dose.Some heritable variations can be obtained by mutation of Capsicum frutescens,which can,we can provide basis and reference for mutation breeding.
作者
常媚瑕
吴媛
苏世贤
吉高锋
郝亚军
吴辉晶
张才鲜
侯晓晓
吴培云
李伟
Chang Meixia;Wu Yuan;Su Shixian;Ji Gaofeng;Hao Yajun;Wu Huijing;Zhang Caixian;Hou Xiaoxiao;Wu Peiyun;Li Wei(College of Agricultural,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;Institute of Pepper Industry Technology,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第17期5755-5767,共13页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31760576)
贵州省科技成果应用及产业化计划重点项目(黔科合成果〔2020〕1Z005号)
贵州省农业科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑〔2016〕2548号)
农业农村部/贵州省农业农村厅贵州省朝天椒优势产业集群建设项目(农产发〔2020〕2号,黔农发〔2020〕67号)
贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL〔2017〕009)共同资助。
