摘要
Accumulating evidence shows that cellular and acellular components in tumor microenvironment(TME)can reprogram tumor initiation,growth,invasion,metastasis,and response to therapies.Cancer research and treatment have switched from a cancercentric model to a TME-centric one,considering the increasing significance of TME in cancer biology.Nonetheless,the clinical efficacy of therapeutic strategies targeting TME,especially the specific cells or pathways of TME,remains unsatisfactory.Classifying the chemopathological characteristics of TME and crosstalk among one another can greatly benefit further studies exploring effective treating methods.Herein,we present an updated image of TME with emphasis on hypoxic niche,immune microenvironment,metabolism microenvironment,acidic niche,innervated niche,and mechanical microenvironment.We then summarize conventional drugs including aspirin,celecoxib,β-adrenergic antagonist,metformin,and statin in new antitumor application.These drugs are considered as viable candidates for combination therapy due to their antitumor activity and extensive use in clinical practice.We also provide our outlook on directions and potential applications of TME theory.This review depicts a comprehensive and vivid landscape of TME from biology to treatment.
基金
supported by funding from the Project Nn10 of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital(Grant Number Nn102017-02)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 81602323,81872149)
Outstanding Youth Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Number YQ2019H027)
Distinguished Young Scholars of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital(Grant Number JCQN2018-03)
Yong Elite Training Foundation Grant of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital(Grant Number JY2016-02)
Haiyan Fund Project of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital(Grant Number JJQN 2018-10).
