摘要
为了研究双季稻田冬闲、单播紫云英及紫云英与不同用量油菜混播对绿肥鲜草产量、养分积累量、C/N值及早稻产量和土壤肥力的影响,设置冬闲、紫云英单播(1.5 kg/667m^(2))、紫云英(1.5 kg/667m^(2))与油菜(0.10、0.15、0.20和0.25 kg/667m^(2))混播6个处理。结果表明:紫云英鲜草产量随混播油菜播种量增加而下降,油菜鲜草产量则随混播油菜播种量增加而提高,2种绿肥鲜草总产量先随油菜播种量增加而提高,当油菜播种量超过0.20 kg/667m^(2)时随油菜播种量增加而降低;绿肥N、P和K养分积累量与油菜播种量均呈极显著二元一次方程曲线关系,且均以油菜播量0.20 kg/667m^(2)时最高;不同处理紫云英C/N值范围为10.7-11.0,油菜C/N值范围为20.7-21.4,二者混合后各处理绿肥C/N值在10.8-17.8范围内变化,且混合后的绿肥C/N值随油菜播种量增加而升高;化肥总用量一致条件下,将30%化肥移至绿肥季,单播紫云英及紫云英与油菜混播处理均较CK显著增加早稻产量,增幅8.0%-16.3%;相同用量紫云英混播不同用量油菜的早稻产量先随油菜播种量增加而提高,当油菜播种量超过0.20 kg/667m^(2)时则随油菜播种量增加而降低;紫云英与油菜混播较冬闲及紫云英单播提高了土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量。
In order to study the effects of winter fallow,single sowing of Chinese milk vetch and mixed sowing of Chinese milk vetch with rape at different seeding rates on the fresh yield of green manure,nutrient accumulation,C/N value of green manure,early rice yield and soil fertility in double-cropping rice field,field experiments embracing six treatments:winter fallow(CK),single sowing of Chinese milk vetch(22.5 kg/hm^(2)),and mixed sowing of Chinese milk vetch(22.5kg/hm^(2))with rape(seeding rates:1.5,2.25,3 and 3.75kg/hm^(2))were conducted.Results showed that:in the treatment of mixed sowing of Chinese milk vetch with rape,the fresh yield of Chinese milk vetch declined with the increase of rape seeding rates,while rape fresh yield increased with it.Total fresh yields of the two green manure grasses increased with the increase of rape seeding rates first,then decreased when the rape seeding rate was over 3 kg/hm^(2).The relationship between N,P and K nutrient accumulation of the two green manure grasses and the rape seeding rate highly fitted the curve of linear equation in two unknowns,and the highest value was found when the rape seeding rate was 3 kg/hm^(2).The C/N values of Chinese milk vetch and rape were 10.7-11.0 and 20.7-21.4,respectively in different treatments.In the treatments of mixed sowing of two green manure,the C/N values varied in the range of 10.8-17.8,and increased with the increase of rape seeding rates.Under the condition that 30%of chemical fertilizer was transferred to the green manure season but the total application amount of chemical fertilizer was unchanged,the early rice yield was significantly increased by 8.0%-16.3%after single sowing of Chinese milk vetch or mixed sowing of Chinese milk vetch with rape,in comparison with CK.In the treatments of mixed sowing of Chinese milk vetch with rape,the early rice yield increased with the increase of rape seeding rates first,then decreased when the rape seeding rate was over 3 kg/hm^(2).The contents of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by the mixed planting of Chinese milk vetch and rape compared with the CK and single planting of Chinese milk vetch.
作者
黄建余
廖育林
鲁艳红
聂军
高雅洁
孙玉桃
HUANG Jian-yu;LIAO Yu-lin;LUYan-hong;NIE Jun;GAOYa-jie;SUN Yu-tao(Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Caowei Town,Yuanjiang 410013,PRC;Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station cf Arable Land Conservation,(Hunan)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China,Changsha 410125,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2021年第6期34-37,48,共5页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22)
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFD0301504,2018YFD03006)
湖南省农业科技创新资金(2018ZD02-2)。
关键词
紫云英
油菜
混播
绿肥产量
早稻产量
Chinese milk vetch
rape
mixed sowing
yield of green manure
early rice yield
