摘要
为研究潮汕地区番石榴园中害虫与天敌群落多样性及季节性动态,分别在春季、夏季和冬季,对番石榴园的害虫和天敌群落进行调查.结果表明:主要天敌类群为寄蝇科和猫蛛科,其次,食蚜蝇科、园蛛科、小蜂总科及瓢虫科较为常见.害虫的类群数和个体数均表现为夏季高于冬季,春季最少.天敌的个体数量表现为夏季最高,且与春、冬季间具有显著差异,冬季最少;类群数量为夏季高于春、冬季.害虫的多样性指数与丰富度指数均表现为冬季最高,夏季次之,春季最小.天敌的多样性指数为春季高于夏季,夏季高于冬季,丰富度指数则为冬季高,春季次之,夏季最低.害虫、天敌的类群数、个体数量随季节呈现消长规律,表明天敌-害虫之间的跟踪关系;其随果树的营养期、开花期和结果期而变化,体现了害虫-天敌与果树之间能量流动的平衡和依赖关系.因此,在果园管理中减少农药的使用,依据时节采取害虫生态控制,是提高果实品质和维护较好的果园生境的保证.
In order to study the community diversity and seasonal dynamics of pests and natural enemies in guava orchards in the Chaoshan region,the pest and natural enemy communities of guava orchards were investigated in spring,summer and winter.The results showed that the main natural enemy groups were Parasitidae and Cataridae,followed by Syrphidae,Arachniidae,Coccinellidae and Coccinellidae.The number of groups and individuals of pests is higher in summer than in winter,and the least in spring.The number of individuals of natural enemies is the highest in summer,and is significantly different between spring and winter,and the least in winter;the number of groups is higher in summer than in spring and winter.The diversity index and richness index of pests are the highest in winter,second in summer,and lowest in spring.The diversity index of natural enemies is higher in spring than in summer and higher in summer than in winter.The richness index is higher in winter,followed by spring,and lowest in summer.The group number and individual number of pests and natural enemies show a pattern of increasing and decreasing with the season,indicating the tracking relationship between natural enemies and pests;it changes with the vegetative period,flowering period and fruiting period of fruit trees,reflecting the balance and dependence of energy flow between pests-natural enemies and fruit trees.Therefore,reducing the use of pesticides in orchard management and taking ecological control of pests according to the season are the guarantee for improving fruit quality and maintaining good orchard habitat.
作者
邢树文
朱丽霞
许晓伟
林岳青
黄晓瑜
XING Shu-wen;ZHU Li-xia;XU Xiao-wei;LIN Yue-qing;HUANG Xiao-yu(College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou,Guangdong,521041)
出处
《韩山师范学院学报》
2021年第3期20-28,共9页
Journal of Hanshan Normal University
关键词
番石榴园
害虫与天敌
动态
多样性
潮汕地区
guava orchards
pests andnaturalenemies
dynamics
diversity
Chaoshan region
