摘要
威权领导的有效性在学界久有争议。近年,有学者提出,威权领导可区分为“专权”和“尚严”两种成分,但专权、尚严的效果、作用机制和边界条件尚不明晰。本研究整合自我决定理论和上下级匹配观点,在军事团队中考察双元威权领导的差异化效果,以及部属基本心理需要满足的中介作用和遵从权威的调节作用。采用70名班长和278名士兵的配对数据构建多层次模型,结果显示:(1)专权领导对士兵的基本心理需要满足和工作绩效具有消极影响,尚严领导则呈积极影响。(2)专权、尚严领导对工作绩效的影响以士兵的归属、胜任需要满足为中介。(3)专权、尚严领导与基本心理需要满足的关系受到士兵遵从权威倾向的调节,较高的遵从权威水平削弱了专权对归属需要满足的消极影响,增强了尚严对胜任和自主需要满足的积极影响;同时,遵从权威还调节了基本心理需要满足的中介效应。
The effectiveness of authoritarian leadership(AL)has been subjected to sustained academic controversy.In recent years,some researchers have argued that AL should be divided into two opposite components:the dominance-focused AL,or zhuanquan;and the discipline-focused AL,or shangyan.Nonetheless,the effect,psychological mechanism and boundary conditions of the two dimensions remain to be scrutinized.Informed by the self-determination theory and person-supervisor fit approach,the current study hypothesized a multilevel model to uncover the differential effects of two opposite components of authoritarian leadership,i.e.,zhuanquan and shangyan,in military units.Meanwhile,the mediating role of subordinates’ basic psychological needs satisfaction and the moderating effect of compliance to authorities were also scrutinized.A supervisor-subordinate paired sample composed of 70 squad leaders and 278 soldiers was collected and the results were as follows:(1)Overall,zhuanquan had negative impacts on subordinates basic psychological needs satisfaction and job performance,while the effects of shangyan were positive.(2)Subordinates’ satisfaction of the needs for relatedness and competence mediated the effects of zhuanquan and shangyan on job performance.(3)Subordinates’ compliance to authorities moderated the influence of zhuanquan and shangyan on the fulfillment of basic psychological needs.Specifically,when subordinates manifested higher endorsement of authorities,the effect of zhuanquan on satisfaction of the needs for relatedness was weaker and the effects of shangyan on satisfaction of the needs for competence and autonomy were stronger.Moreover,the mediating effects of subordinates’ basic psychological needs fulfillment were also contingent upon their compliance to authorities.
作者
朱海腾
ZHU Haiteng(Department of Military and Ideological Basic Education,PLA Army Academy of Artillery and Air Defense,Hefei 230031,China)
出处
《心理技术与应用》
2021年第7期411-424,共14页
Psychology(Techniques and Applications)
关键词
双元威权领导
基本心理需要满足
遵从权威
工作绩效
军事团队
authoritarian leadership
basic psychological needs satisfaction
compliance to authorities
job performance
military units
