摘要
目的了解顺义区学龄前儿童发生伤害风险情况及其影响因素,为制定预防伤害干预措施提供参考。方法通过分层整群抽样的方法,选取顺义区3所幼儿园,采用自行设计的调查问卷对抽中幼儿园的所有家长进行网络平台线上调查。结果学龄前儿童伤害的低、中、高风险评估比例分别59.5%,37.5%和3.0%。学龄前儿童年龄和班级越高,伤害风险评估等级越高(χ^(2)值分别为12.35,12.70,P值均<0.05),伤害风险隔代照顾意外伤害高风险(3.7%)高于父母照顾(2.4%);主要照护人文化程度、家庭年收入越高,伤害风险评估等级越低(χ趋势2值分别为11.23,14.10,P值均<0.05)。不同年龄、不同年级的儿童在烧烫伤风险、中毒风险、其他伤害风险、儿童伤害防范和伤害总得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为8.26,5.61,4.95,6.15,7.86;9.88,8.39,4.25,6.27,7.55,P值均<0.05);不同性别的儿童烧烫伤风险维度差异有统计学意义(t=-4.27,P<0.05);不同居住地儿童伤害防范维度差异有统计学意义(t=9.11,P<0.05);不同年龄、年级的儿童在风险来源中的行为监管差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,主要照护人文化程度(大专:B=-2.66,95%CI=-4.69~-0.63;本科及以上:B=-3.80,95%CI=-5.90~-1.70)、家庭年收入(B=-2.82,95%CI=-4.80~-0.84)是学龄前儿童发生伤害风险的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论在开展学龄前儿童预防伤害的健康教育工作中,着重对家庭收入较低及文化程度偏低的主要照护人进行有针对性的干预,对进一步提高儿童伤害风险的预防有着积极意义。
Objective To understand the current situation and associated factors of unintentional injury among preschool children in Shunyi District, and to provide reference for the development of unintentional injury intervention measures. Methods Three kindergartens in Shunyi district were selected through stratified cluster sampling method, and all the parents were surveyed online by self-designed questionnaire. Results The proportion of low, medium and high risk assessment of unintentional injury in preschool children were 59.5%, 37.5% and 3.0%, respectively. Risk of unintentional injury increased significantly with age and grade(χ^(2)=12.35, 12.70, P<0.05). The risk of unintentional injury in inter-generational care(3.7%) was higher than that in parental care(2.4%). The higher the education level of the primary caretaker and family income, the higher level of unintentional injury risk(χ2=11.23, 14.10, P<0.05).There were significant differences in the risk for burning, poisoning, other accidental injury, prevention of accidental injury and total score of unintentional injury among children of different ages and classes(F=8.26,5.61,4.95,6.15,7.86;9.88,8.39,4.25,6.27,7.55,P<0.05). There was statistical significance in burning risk between boys and girls(t=-4.27, P<0.05). There was statistical significance in unintentional injury prevention between children of different residence(t=9.11, P<0.05). There were significant differences in behavior supervision among risk among children of different ages and grades(P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level of primary caregivers(college: B=-2.66, 95%CI=-4.69--0.63;bachelor degree or higher: B=-3.80, 95%CI=-5.90--1.70), annual family income(B=-2.82, 95%CI=-4.80--0.84) were associated with unintentional injury risk of preschool children(P<0.05). Conclusion Health education of unintentional injury prevention among preschool children should focus on the primary caretaker with low education and low family income, which is crucial for prevention of children’s injury.
作者
胡建功
赵莹颖
张艳艳
李征
白如冰
李长青
李印东
HU Jiangong;ZHAO Yingy-ing;ZHANG Yanyan;LI Zheng;BAI Rubing;LI Changqing;LI Yindong(Department of Health Education,Shunyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101300,China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第5期764-767,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
创伤和损伤
风险调节
回归分析
儿童
学龄前
Wounds and injuries
Risk adjustment
Regression analysis
Child
preschool
