摘要
目的对比分析2014-2018年我国公共卫生执业(助理)医师的发展现状,发现存在的问题,进而为公共卫生医师队伍建设提供建议。方法采用2015-2019年《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》数据,选取公共卫生执业(助理)医师的数量、年龄构成、工作年限以及聘任技术职务构成情况等4个指标进行分析,并与同期临床、中医、口腔等其他3类执业(助理)医师情况进行对比。采用SWOT方法分析我国公共卫生医师发展趋势。结果 2014-2018年,我国公共卫生执业(助理)医师的数量先减少后略增,中部、西部地区逐渐减少,仅东部地区略有增加。5年来,公共卫生医师数量发展远远落后其他3类医师队伍。从人员构成看,与其他3类医师相比,公共卫生医师从业人员中年轻人占比最少,高技术职务占比较低。结论要从公共卫生安全高度,在全社会营造预防为主的良好氛围,提高公共卫生人员的社会地位。国家层面要加大政府投入,完善人员培养制度和激励机制,提升高技术职称人员名额分配,提升公共卫生人才的综合素质,优化队伍配置的均衡性。
Objective To analyze the development status of public health physician in China from2014 to 2018 so as to find out the existing problems and provide suggestions for the construction of the public health physicians. Methods Four indicators were calculated by using the data from the2015-2019 China Health Statistics Yearbook,including the number of public health physician,age composition,working years,and the composition of employed technical positions. Other three types of practicing physicians(i.e., Clinical, traditional Chinese medicine,and oral cavity) in the same period were compared. SWOT method was used to analyze the development trend of public health physician in China. Results From 2014 to 2018, the number of public health physician in China decreased first, then slightly increased. The number of public health physician in the central and western regions gradually decreased, but in the eastern region slightly increased. In the past five years, the number of public health doctors has lagged far behind the other three types of doctors. Compared with the other three types of doctors, the proportion of young people in public health doctors is the least,and the proportion of high-tech posts is relatively low. Conclusion From the perspective of public health safety, prevention-oriented atmosphere should be created in the whole society,and the social status of public health personnel should be improved. At the national level, it is necessary to increase government investment, improve personnel training systems and incentive mechanisms, increase the allocation of high-tech titles, improve the overall quality of public health personnel,and optimize the balance of team allocation.
作者
王黎黎
陈浩
WANG Lili;CHEN Hao(Administrative Office,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Office of Policy and Planning Research,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2021年第5期718-724,共7页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
