摘要
负极材料是锂离子电池中的重要组成部分。然而目前商用锂离子电池负极材料储能密度低,难以满足社会生产力发展需求,因此开发新型高容量锂离子电池负极材料显得迫在眉睫。在众多候选材料中,过渡金属氧化物负极材料因其普遍较大的理论容量及优异的储锂性能得到了人们的广泛关注,但电导率低、循环性能及倍率性能差等缺点也限制了其实际应用。为了提高过渡金属氧化物负极材料的电化学性能,研究者们做了大量研究并取得了一定进展。对此本文综述了近年来的相关成果,分别从材料改性(形貌尺寸调控、与其它性能良好的材料复合)及新型金属氧化物负极材料(二元金属氧化物)制备两方面对目前过渡金属氧化物负极材料的改性与优化进行了阐述,并讨论了影响材料储锂性能的关键因素。综合分析表明,材料纳米化有利于减缓材料粉化并延长循环寿命,与其他材料复合能达到协同效应以弥补自身缺陷,同时指出二元金属氧化物是当前过渡金属氧化物负极材料的研究热点。最后就过渡金属氧化物负极材料的发展前景进行了展望。
Anode materials are an important part of lithium-ion batteries.However,the current commercial lithium-ion battery anode materials have a low energy storage density,which is insufficient to satisfy the needs of the development of social productivity.Therefore,new highcapacity lithium-ion anode materials must be developed.Among the numerous candidate materials,transition-metal-oxide anode materials have attracted considerable attention due to their large theoretical capacity and excellent lithium storage performance.However,the application of transition-metal-oxide anode materials is limited by their low conductivity,poor cycle,and rate performances.To improve the electrochemical performance of transition-metaloxide anode materials,researchers had conducted a number of research and achieved certain progress.This paper reviews the related achievements in recent years.The modification and optimization of transition-metal-oxide materials are described from two aspects:modification of transition-metal-oxide materials(morphology and size control,composite with other good performance materials)and preparation of new metal oxide anode materials(binary metal oxides).The key factors affecting the lithium storage performance of the materials are also discussed.The analysis shows that the nanomaterials are beneficial to slowing down the pulverization and prolonging the life cycle of the material.The synergistic effect can be achieved through combining with other materials to compensate its own defects.The binary metal oxide is an important topic in the research of transition-metal-oxide anode materials.Finally,the development prospect of transition-metal-oxide anode materials is prospected.
作者
尹坚
董季玲
丁皓
李方
YIN Jian;DONG Jiling;DING Hao;LI Fang(School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Materials Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 400707,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期995-1001,共7页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
重庆市自然科学基金面上资助项目(cstc2019jcyjGmsxmX 0162)
重庆市教委科学技术研究计划项目青年项目基础/应用基础研究资助项目(KJQN2019015)。
