摘要
首先利用菲涅尔反射公式,给出界面反射光s分量和p分量的光强反射率公式。然后分析并推导出自然光和部分偏振光分别入射介质界面时,反射形成的部分偏振光偏振度的一般表达式。对反射光偏振度的模拟分析表明,当自然光入射时,随入射角增加反射光的偏振度先增大后减小。当部分偏振光入射时,若I_(s)>I_(p),随入射角增加反射光的偏振度也是先增加后减小;若I_(s)<I_(p),则随入射角增加,反射光的偏振度呈现两次减小、两次增加。在正入射和掠入射的情况下,反射光的偏振度均与入射光的相同;在布儒斯特角入射的情况下,反射光的偏振度均为1,即线偏振光。最后,对线偏振光入射的情形进行了理论分析和模拟。结果表明,从光疏入射光密介质时,反射线偏振光的振动方位角随入射角增加单调增加。从光密入射光疏介质时,若入射角小于全反射临界角,反射线偏振光的振动方位角也随入射角增加而增加;若入射角大于全反射临界角,则随入射角增加,反射形成的椭圆偏振光的椭圆率先增大后减小。反射光偏振态的这些变化规律,对改造光的偏振态以及反射光偏振态信息的应用具有实际意义。
Firstly,using the Fresnel reflection formula,the light intensity reflectance formula of s component and p component of the interface reflected light is derived.Then the general expression of the polarization degree of the partially polarized light formed by reflection is analyzed and derived when natural light and partially polarized light respectively incident upon the medium interface.The simulation analysis of the polarization degree of the reflected light shows that the polarization degree of the reflected light increases first and then decreases as the incident angle increases when natural light is incident.When partially polarized light is incident,if I_(s)>I_(p),the polarization degree of the reflected light increases first and then decreases as the incident angle increases.If I_(s)<I_(p),the polarization of the reflected light decreases twice and increases twice as the angle of incidence increases.In the case of normal incidence and grazing incidence,the polarization degree of the reflected light is the same as the incident light.In case of incidence at Brewster angle,the polarization degree of the reflected light is 1,which is linearly polarized light.Finally,theoretical analysis and simulation are carried out for the linearly polarized incident light.The results show that the vibration azimuth angle of the reflected linearly polarized light increases with the increase of the incident angle when light enters the optically denser medium from the optically thinner medium.When light enters the optically thinner medium from the optically denser medium,the vibration azimuth angle of the reflected linearly polarized light increases with the increase of the incident angle,if the incident angle is less than the critical angle of total reflection.The ellipticity of the elliptically polarized light formed by the reflection increases first and then decreases with the increase of the incident angle,if the incident angle is greater than the critical angle of total reflection.These laws of the polarization state of the reflected light have practical significance for transforming the polarization state of light and the application of the polarization state information of the reflected light.
作者
丁文革
王崇
张荣香
代秀红
DING Wenge;WANG Chong;ZHANG Rongxiang;DAI Xiuhong(College of Physics Science and Technology,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002)
出处
《物理与工程》
2021年第1期82-87,103,共7页
Physics and Engineering
基金
教育部高等学校大学物理课程教学指导委员会项目(DJZW201910hb)
河北省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2019GJJG018)
河北大学线下一流课程(光学)项目资助。
关键词
界面反射
偏振态
自然光
线偏振光
部分偏振光
interface reflection
polarization state
natural light
linearly polarized light
partially polarized light
