摘要
目的了解劳动密集型企业女工职业倦怠现状及其影响因素。方法于2019年8月采用整群随机抽样方法,选取广东省5家劳动密集型企业的750名女工作为研究对象,回收有效问卷665份,有效回收率为88.67%。采用《职业倦怠通用量表》调查其职业倦怠水平,用《工作付出-回报失衡紧张量表》评估其职业紧张水平。组间比较用Mann-WhitneyU检验,两两比较采用排序后的秩次进行SNK检验;多组间比较用Kruskal-Wallis H检验,组间职业倦怠与职业紧张各维度的相关性分析用Pearson相关分析。职业倦怠影响因素分析采用二分类Logistic回归分析。结果 665名女工中,有429人(64.51%)存在职业倦怠,其中轻中度职业倦怠380人(57.14%),重度职业倦怠49人(7.37%)。不同年龄、婚姻状况、目前岗位工龄、每周工作时间、个人月收入、工作制度和职业紧张的女工间职业倦怠综合得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年龄、婚姻状况、目前岗位工龄、每周工作时间、个人月收入和职业紧张的女工情绪耗竭维度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄、每周工作时间、个人月收入、工作制度和职业紧张的女工人格解体维度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同文化程度、每周工作时间、工作制度和职业紧张的女工个体成就感低落维度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论劳动密集型企业女工整体处于轻中度职业倦怠水平,每周工作时间和职业紧张是职业倦怠的主要影响因素。
Objective To analyze the status and its influencing factors of job burnout among female workers of labor-intensive enterprises.Methods A total of 750 female workers from 5 labor-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects by random cluster sampling method in August,2019.665 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 88.67%.The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess job burnout and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results Among 665 female workers,429(64.51%)found to have different levels of burnout,among which 380(57.14%)were mild to moderate burnout and 49(7.37%)were severe burnout.The comprehensive scores of job burnout in different age,marital status,current post working age,working time per week,personal monthly income,working system and occupational stress groups were statistically significant(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the score of emotional exhaustion in different age,marital status,current working age,working time per week,personal monthly income and occupational stress groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dimensions of depersonalization in different age,weekly work time,personal monthly income,working system and occupational stress groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dimensions of low individual achievement in different education levels,weekly work time,working system and occupational stress groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The female workers of labor-intensive enterprises are generally have mild to moderate job burnout.The main influencing factors of job burnout are weekly work time and occupational stress.
作者
李晓艺
陈惠清
李旭东
肖斌
郭垚
徐鼎
瞿红鹰
郝元涛
Li Xiaoyi;Chen Huiqing;Li Xudong;Xiao Bin;Guo Yao;Xu Ding;Qu Hongying;Hao Yuantao(School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China;Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou 510300,China;Foshan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Foshan 528000,China;Foshan City Sanshui Disease Prevention Cure Station,Foshan 528200,China;Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital,Guangzhou 510317,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期12-16,共5页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
基金
广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152)
广东省医学科研基金(A2019498,B2019197)。
关键词
工人
女性
职业倦怠
影响因素
劳动密集型
Worker
Female
Job burnout
Influencing factor
Labor-intensive
