摘要
目的了解2019年江阴市苯作业人员职业健康检查情况,明确江阴市重点职业病危害因素苯的分布,提出重点防控的行业、企业和人群。方法对2019年江阴市接触苯职业健康检查资料进行描述分析,从企业规模、经济类型、行业类别、性别及工龄5个方面对照相关标准限值进行统计分析。结果 2019年江阴市苯在岗期间职业健康检查4 318人,检出血常规关键指标偏低112人,检出率为2.59%。较高的检出率显示,行业类别为租赁和商务服务业(3.73%),经济类型为港澳台经济(5.52%),企业规模为微型企业(4.12%),工龄段为<1年(5.01%),性别为女性(3.89%);血常规异常指标主要集中分布在制造业(占79.46%),私有经济(占73.21%)、小型企业(占58.93%)、工龄1~<5年(占41.07%)及男性(占59.82%)。不同企业规模、经济类型、性别及工龄间检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。其他异常指标中,血压偏高检出率为36.45%,心电图异常检出率为15.62%。结论 2019年江阴市苯职业危害广泛分布于不同行业、企业规模及经济类型的工作场所中,应加强制造业、私有经济及小微企业苯暴露的监管。长期在苯环境下作业主要引起劳动者血常规关键指标偏低,职业性苯中毒为重点关注的职业病,应重点防护接触苯的劳动者。
Objective To investigate the status of occupational health examination of workers exposed to benzene in Jiangyin City in 2019,clarify the distribution of benzene as the major occupational-disease-inductive factor in Jiangyin City,and put forward the key industries,enterprises and population for prevention and control. Methods The occupational health examination data of workers exposed to benzene in Jiangyin City in 2019 were described and analyzed,and the statistical analysis was carried out by comparing the relevant standard limits in five aspects of enterprise size,economic type,industry category,gender and length of service. Results In 2019,4 318 workers in Jiangyin City received the on-the-job occupational health examination,and 112 had the lower results on key indicators of blood routine examination,with the detection rate of 2.59%. The highest detection rate was appeared in the rental and business apparel industries(3.73%) among the industry categories,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan’s economy(5.52%) among the economic types,micro enterprises(4.12%) among the enterprise scale,workers with working age <1 year(5.01%),and females(3.89%). The abnormal blood routine indicators were mainly distributed in manufacturing industry(79.46%),private economy(73.21%),small enterprises(58.93%), workers with working age of 1-<5 years(41.07%),and males(59.82%).There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate among different groups in enterprise scale,economic type,gender and length of service(all P<0.01). In other abnormal indicators,the detection rate of higher blood pressure and abnormal ECG was 36.45% and 15.62% respectively. Conclusion In 2019,benzene occupational hazards in Jiangyin City are widely distributed in workplaces of different industries,enterprise scale and economic types. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of benzene exposure in manufacturing,private economy and small and micro enterprises. Long-term exposure to benzene can cause abnormalities in the key indicators of blood routine examination. Occupational benzene poisoning is the focus of the occupational diseases,and workers exposed to benzene should be protected.
作者
谢晓华
冯鸿义
张捷
XIE Xiao-hua;FENG Hong-yi;ZHANG Jie(office,Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangyin Jiangsu,214431,China;Institute of Occupational Disease Contro l,Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangyin Jiangsu,214431,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第22期3145-3147,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
苯作业
职业危害
健康检查
Benzene operation
Occupational hazards
Health examination
