摘要
人参皂苷是我国许多传统名贵药用植物的主要活性物质,在医药、保健品、营养品和化妆品开发领域有广阔的应用前景,特别是稀有人参皂苷具有显著的抗肿瘤、保护神经系统、保肝护肝等药理活性。但其在植物中含量低且不稳定,严重影响了人参皂苷类物质的开发利用。自20世纪末以来,随着生物技术的不断发展和多种生物基因组的测序和解析,使得人参皂苷通过异源细胞的生物合成来解决以上问题成为可能。因此,如何构建人参皂苷人工合成体系、调控人参皂苷生物合成及提高皂苷产量引起了越来越多的关注。综述了人参皂苷的异源人工合成途径的构建及其生物合成调控方面的研究进展,并针对人参皂苷生物合成及调控过程中存在的问题以及未来的研究方向进行了总结和展望。
Ginsenosides are the main active substances of traditional medicinal plants and are widely used in the fields of medicine,health care products,nutritional products and cosmetics.In particular,rare ginsenosides have a variety of biological activities,such as significant anti-tumor activity and nervous system protection and liver protection function.However,the low yield of rare ginsenosides in plants seriously affects its development and utilization.Since the end of the 20 th century,with the continuous development of biotechnology and genome sequencing,the problem of low production of ginsenosides can be solved by heterologous synthesis of ginsenosides in microorganisms.Therefore,it has attracted more and more attentions such as constructing an artificial synthetic system of ginsenosides,regulating ginsenoside biosynthesis strategies,and increasing the yield of saponinsin microorganisms.We reviewed the construction of heterologous synthetic pathways of ginsenosides and the research progress of their biosynthetic regulation strategies in this review.Finally,we summarized and prospected the future research directions of ginsenosides synthesis process and regulation process in microorganisms.
作者
刘啸尘
范代娣
杨帆
武占省
LIU Xiao-chen;FAN Dai-di;YANG Fan;WU Zhan-sheng(Xian Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries,School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering,College of Chemical Engineering,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)
出处
《中国生物工程杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期80-93,共14页
China Biotechnology
基金
国家自然科学基金(22008186)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JQ-523)资助项目。
关键词
人参皂苷
生物合成
基因挖掘
底盘细胞
调控策略
Ginsenosides
Biosynthesis
Gene mining
Chassis cells
Regulatory strategies
