摘要
果园种植绿肥可以改善土壤理化特性,减少养分流失,从而改善树体营养状况,提高果实产量和品质,因此可以一定程度上替代矿质化肥的施用。通过在湖北省当阳市凤凰山柑橘基地进行田间小区试验,设置5个施肥处理:当地常规施氮量(N100),种植绿肥但不施氮肥(GN0),种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量的70%(GN70),种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量的85%(GN85)和种植绿肥配施当地常规施氮量(GN100),探究减施氮肥下种植绿肥对橘园土壤肥力、果实产量和品质的影响。研究结果表明:与N100相比,在橘园种植光叶苕子75kg·hm^(-2),并减施30%以内的氮肥处理(GN70、GN85、GN100),对橘园土壤肥力(总氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾、微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn等)、柑橘果实产量和品质(果实纵径、皮厚、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C、可食率等)均无显著影响。该研究说明在当阳橘园种植绿肥75 kg·hm-2可以替代30%氮肥的施用,且不会降低土壤肥力以及柑橘的产量和品质,研究结果可为柑橘园绿肥种植的推广以及氮肥的减施提供理论依据和技术参考。
Planting green manure in orchard can improve soil physical and chemical properties,then reduce nutrient loss,improve tree nutrition as well as fruit yield and quality.Therefore,the use of mineral fertilizers can be replaced partially by planting green manure.Five fertilization treatments were set up in Fenghuangshan Citrus Base of Dangyang City,Hubei Province,namely,the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(N100),planting green manure without N application(GN0),planting green manure with 70%of the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN70),planting green manure with 85%of the local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN85),planting green manure with local conventional nitrogen fertilizer application(GN100).The effects of Vicia villosa var.glabrescens planting with reduced nitrogen fertilization on soil fertility,fruit yield and quality in citrus orchard were investigated.The results showed that in the first year of planting V.villosa var.glabrescens of 75 kg·hm-2 in the citrus orchard,the soil fertility(total nitrogen,alkalihydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,trace elements Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn),the fruit yield and quality(fruit longitudinal diameter,peel thickness,soluble solids,titratable acid,vitamin C and edible rate)were not significantly affected by reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer by 30%.This study indicates that green manure planting of 75 kg·hm-2 in citrus orchards can replace the application of chemical fertilizer at 30%,and it will not reduce the soil fertility and the yield and quality of citrus fruits.The results can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the promotion of green manure planting and the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application in citrus orchards.
作者
田想
张威
伍玉鹏
胡荣桂
罗越
姜炎彬
TIAN Xiang;ZHANG Wei;WU Yu-peng;HU Rong-gui;LUO Yue;JIANG Yan-bin(College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan Hubei 430070)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期197-204,共8页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0202000)。
关键词
绿肥
氮肥
土壤养分
柑橘产量
柑橘品质
green manure
nitrogen fertilizer
soil nutrient
citrus yield
citrus quality
