摘要
曲梁是桥梁、建筑、船舶、航空和航天工程中常见的薄壁构件,根据外载荷与主曲率平面的关系,又被称为拱或水平曲梁.随着工程材料的日益发展,如复合材料、功能梯度材料的引入,曲梁的应用范围更加广泛,进一步推进了薄壁曲梁稳定性问题的研究.本文首先对薄壁梁结构的稳定性行为进行了分类.接着简述了薄壁构件的基本假设,对比了近几十年来薄壁曲梁的基本理论,针对复合材料薄壁曲梁,总结了相应的本构关系,并对各理论间存在的分歧进行了归纳.结合最新的薄壁曲梁研究,根据平衡法、能量法和虚位移(虚功)原理推导出控制微分方程,阐述了相应的求解方法,如解析法、半解析法和数值解法.为验证薄壁曲梁理论的准确性,曲梁承载能力试验验证尤为重要,但目前国内外相关研究还很少,亟待发展.最后讨论了现阶段薄壁曲梁研究的局限性和未来发展的方向.
Curved beams are one type of thin-walled structures commonly used in bridges,buildings,ships,airplanes and aerospace.They are referred to as arches or planar curved beams according to the relationship between external load and principal curvature plane.The application of curved beams is expanded by development of engineering materials,such as composite materials and functionally-graded materials(FGM),which further promotes the research on stability of curved beams.The buckling mode of thin-walled beams is first discussed,with the basic assumptions considered for thin-walled structures.The linear and nonlinear theories of isotropic thin-walled curved beams are reviewed,where the relevance and difference among those theories are discussed,and the constitutive behavior is summarized for the composite laminated curved beams.The differential governing equation is derived based on the equilibrium principle,the energy principle and the virtual principle of displacement.Three methods,i.e.,the closed-form analytical method,semi-analytical method and numerical method,are used to solve the stability behavior of thin-walled curved beams.The importance of load-carrying capacity tests on the curved beams for verifying the accuracy of the thin-walled curved beam theory is emphasized.Finally,the current limitations and the future perspectives in the research area of thin-walled curved beams are discussed.
作者
乔丕忠
黄思馨
李志敏
祁洋
QIAO Pizhong;HUANG Sixin;LI Zhimin;QI Yang(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《力学季刊》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期385-400,共16页
Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(51678360,51679136,11972224)。
关键词
薄壁曲梁
稳定性
复合材料本构关系
控制微分方程
试验
thin-walled curved beams
stability
constitutive behavior
differential governing equation
experiment
