摘要
本研究为探究不同干燥方式对蝉花孢梗束品质的影响和为生产中蝉花孢梗束选择合适的干燥方式提供理论依据,研究了自然干燥、热风干燥、微波干燥、热泵干燥和冷冻干燥对蝉花孢梗束粉的外观、粒度、主要营养和功能成分的影响。运用主成分和聚类分析对不同干燥处理得到的样品的数据进行综合分析。研究表明热泵干燥能最好地保持样品的亮黄色色泽,蓝黄度b*为36.74,显著高于其他方式干燥样品,其次是微波干燥;但是这两种方式干燥的蝉花孢梗束总氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量均较低。自然干燥和冷冻干燥的样品感观较差,蓝黄度b*均小于28且二者差异不显著。热风干燥样品色泽仅次于微波干燥,含有较高蛋白质、总氨基酸和总糖,且其脂肪、麦角甾醇和甘露醇的含量最高,分别为4.15 g/100 g、8.65 mg/g和59.20 mg/g。总体考虑,热风干燥能较好地保持蝉花孢梗束的色泽、营养和功能成分,且技术成熟度高,适用于工业化大生产。
In the present work, in order to explore the effect of different drying methods on the quality of synnemata of I. cicadae and to provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable drying method for synnemata of I.cicadae in the production, effect of natural drying(ND), hot air drying(HAD), microwave drying(MWD), heat pump drying(HPD) and freeze-drying(FD) on the color, particle size, main nutrients and functional components of synnemata of I. cicadae were investigated. Besides, principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) were performed to comprehensively analyze the data of samples obtained from different drying processes. The results indicated that the heat pump drying could better keep the bright yellow color of the samples and the yellow color coefficient b* is 36.74, which is significantly higher than that of samples dried by other methods, followed by microwave drying. However, the contents of total amino acid(TAA) and essential amino acid(EAA) were lower in the experiment. The yellow color coefficient b* of samples dried by natural drying and freeze-drying was both less than 28 and the color of samples was not as good as the color of samples dried by other methods. The color of the samples dried by hot air is better than that of the samples dried by natural drying and freeze-drying. And samples dried by hot air contained more protein, total amino acid and total sugar, and the contents of fat, ergosterol and mannitol were 4.15 g/100 g, 8.65 mg/g and 59.20 mg/g, respectively, higher than those of samples dried by other 4 methods. In general, hot air drying could preserve the color, nutrition and functional components of the samples. And it’s a maturely drying technology and suitable for industrial production of synnemata of I. cicadae.
作者
于士军
何玲艳
万国平
王伟
李向东
吴宗庆
曾婷婷
王维坤
Yu Shijun;He Lingyan;Wan Guoping;Wang Wei;Li Xiangdong;Wu Zongqing;Zeng Tingting;Wang Weikun(Food Inspection and Testing Center,School of Biology and Food Engineering,Chuzhou University,Chuzhou,239000;Administration for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products in Xuancheng,Xuancheng,242000;General Biosystem Co.,Ltd.,Chuzhou,239000)
出处
《基因组学与应用生物学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期2712-2721,共10页
Genomics and Applied Biology
基金
科技部星火计划项目(No.2015GA710033)
安徽省热敏性物料加工工程技术研究中心开题课题(No.2015RMY05)
滁州学院科研项目(No.2017PY04)
滁州学院食品酶法加工科技创新团队(No.00001702)共同资助。
关键词
蝉花
孢梗束
干燥
营养成分
聚类分析
Isaria cicadae
Synnemata
Drying methods
Nutritional components
Hierarchical cluster analysis
