摘要
长江沿岸森林资源的生态区位极为重要,不仅能改善和维持区域生态环境平衡,发挥森林生态系统服务功能,而且为长江沿岸居民的生存和发展提供天然的绿色屏障,对国土生态安全、生物多样性保护和经济社会可持续发展具有重要作用。研究结合2018年江苏省森林资源变更调查数据及实地调研,并结合现有的文献资料,对江苏长江两岸宽1 km范围内的森林生态系统服务价值进行计算。结果表明:(1)江苏长江两岸宽1 km森林生态系统服务功能的总价值为17.1亿元/a,其中森林固碳释氧的功能价值占比最高(8.40亿元/a),其次是涵养水源(5.78亿元/a),森林防护价值最低(0.08亿元/a)。(2)江苏长江两岸宽1 km内39种植被类型森林中,乔木林的生态服务功能价值远远大于灌木林、竹林及药材林。显然,这与乔木林的面积大密切相关。生态服务功能总价值最高的是杨树林(5.6亿元/a),其次是阔叶混交林(2.7亿元/a),茶林及其他药材林生态服务功能价值最小。(3)单位面积生态服务功能价值总量大小依次为阔叶混交林>针阔混交林>阔叶纯林>灌木林>针叶纯林。单位面积混交林的生态服务功能价值高于纯林。可见,江苏长江沿岸森林在固碳释氧、涵养水源方面发挥着巨大的作用。研究建议江苏应大力发展长江沿岸的阔叶混交林建设,以增加长江沿岸森林整体的生态服务价值,同时运用多种监测手段监测长江沿岸森林面积和树种变化等。此外,还建议在江苏长江沿岸增设森林生态监测站点,为长江沿岸森林的保护管理及合理利用提供科学依据和技术支撑。
Located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,Jiangsu Province is an important part of the Yangtze River delta.The forest resources along the River plays an important role in the land ecological security,biodiversity protection and sustainable economic and social development of Jiangsu Province.In this study,the forest ecosystem service value within 1 km of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province was calculated based on the survey data of relevant forest changed resources in 2018 and the existing literature.The results showed that:(1)the ecological service value of arbor forest was much higher than that of shrub forest,bamboo forest and medicinal material forest in 39 forest species planted within 1 kilometer along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province.Obviously,this was closely related to the large area of the arbor forest.The highest total value of ecological service function was from the poplar forest(560 million yuan per year),followed by the broad-leaved mixed forest(270 million yuan per year),and the tea forest and other medicinal materials had the least value of ecological service function.(2)The total ecological service function value per unit area was,in proper order,needle-width mixed forest,broad-leaved pure forest,shrubbery,coniferous pure forest.The ecological service value of mixed forest per unit area was higher than that of pure forest.(3)The total value of forest ecosystem services along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province was 1.71 billion yuan per year,of which the function value of forest carbon sequestration and oxygen release occupied the highest proportion(840 million yuan per year),followed by water conservation(578 million yuan per year),and the lowest value of forest protection(800 million yuan per year).Therefore,the forests along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province play an important role in carbon sequestration,oxygen release and water conservation.This study suggests that mixed forests along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province should be vigorously developed,so as to increase the overall ecological service value of the forests along,and use a variety of methods to monitor the changes of forest area and tree species along.In addition,forest ecological monitoring stations should be set up along for providing scientific basis and technical support for the protection,management and rational utilization of forests along.
作者
王磊
万欣
王火
Wang Lei;Wan Xin;Wang Huo(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 211153,China;Yangzhou Long-term Observation Station of Urban Ecosystem,Yangzhou 225000,China)
出处
《江苏林业科技》
2020年第3期16-21,45,共7页
Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目“江苏长江沿岸景观防护林构建与生态修复技术研究”(CX(19)1004)
江苏省创新能力建设科技设施类——省公益类科研院所自主科研经费“江苏省林业科学研究院自主科研项目”(BM2018022)
中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目“长江河滩湿地修复与生态防护林营建技术推广示范”(苏[2019]TG01)
江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目“江苏长江沿岸造林绿化模式构建技术集成与示范”(LYKJ[2019]01)。
关键词
长江
森林
混交林
生态服务功能
价值评估
江苏
Yangtze River
Forest
Mixed forest
Ecological service function
Evaluation
Jiangsu
