摘要
外泌体是一种具有磷脂双分子层的微小囊泡,可以向受体细胞传递生物大分子进而影响受体细胞的生物过程。巨噬细胞作为重要的固有免疫细胞,在促进人体组织发展、抵御病原体入侵、维持机体内环境稳态方面发挥重要作用。M2型巨噬细胞更与肿瘤等重大疾病的发生发展密不可分。近期,一部分研究者将目光投放在M2型巨噬细胞与外泌体两大热点之上,通过大量的实验发现,M2型巨噬细胞来源的外泌体可通过携带微小核糖核酸(microRNA,miRNA)调节靶基因的表达,进而影响受体细胞相关蛋白的合成,这种作用可对机体生物功能产生影响,进而影响疾病的进程。M2型巨噬细胞分泌的外泌体中miRNA或可成为临床上疾病诊疗的新靶点,可为重大疾病如癌症的诊断与监控、药物载体等方面在个体化医疗领域中提供新的思路与可能。
Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a bilayer of phospholipids,which can transfer biological macromolecules to recipient cells via cell-cell interactions and then affect the biological processes of recipient cells.As an important innate immune cell,macrophages play an important role in promoting the development of human tissues,resisting pathogen invasion and maintaining the homeostasis of the internal environment.The M2 macrophages are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor and other major disease.Recently,some researchers have focused on M2 macrophages and exosomes.Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages can regulate the expression of target genes by carrying microRNA(miRNA),and then affect the synthesis of rercipients-related proteins.This can affect biological function and influence the progress of the disease.M2 macrophage-derived exosomal miRNAs may become a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment,which may provide new ideas and possibilities for the diagnosis and monitoring of major diseases such as cancer,drug carriers and other aspects in the field of personalized medical treatment.
作者
侯昱炀
闫东梅
Hou Yuyang;Yan Dongmei(Department of Immunology,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China)
出处
《国际免疫学杂志》
CAS
2020年第3期325-330,共6页
International Journal of Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金(81871245)。
