摘要
为了评价公众交通安全意识,进而明确不同年龄、不同受教育程度、不同职业和不同出行方式的公众群体交通安全意识的差异性,对公众交通安全意识调查数据进行了量化分析。首先,基于自主编制的公众交通安全意识问卷对5029名参与者进行了调查;其次,对回收的问卷进行因子分析和信度、效度检验,得到了交通安全行为、交通安全态度和交通管理认知3个因子;最后,选取上述因子作为3个一级评价指标,因子所含条目作为17个二级评价指标,对公众交通安全意识进行评价,采用主成分分析法计算因子得分,并应用熵值法确定一级评价指标权重,再通过灰色关联分析计算灰色关联度,最终根据模糊综合评价得出不同公众群体的交通安全意识水平。研究结果表明:不同年龄段的公众中,18~40岁群体交通安全意识水平最高(b=0.79),41~65岁(b=0.44)和65岁以上(b=0.45)群体交通安全意识水平较低;不同受教育程度的公众中,专科学历群体的交通安全意识水平最高(b=1),小学及以下学历群体其交通安全意识水平较低(b=0.33);不同职业的公众中,事业单位人员群体的交通安全意识水平最高(b=0.93),农民群体的交通安全意识水平较低(b=0.33);不同出行方式的公众中,以公交车为主要出行方式的群体其交通安全意识水平最高(b=0.91),而以三轮车(b=0.35)和自行车(b=0.36)为主要出行方式的群体其交通安全意识水平较低。研究结果可用于不同公众群体交通安全意识的度量,并为不同群体的交通安全意识提升方法制定提供理论依据。
A quantitative analysis of public traffic safety awareness survey data was conducted to evaluate the public traffic safety awareness,and highlight the differences in traffic safety awareness among public groups of different ages,education levels,and occupations,and those using different modes of travel.First,5029 participants were surveyed based on the developed public traffic safety awareness questionnaire.Subsequently,factor analysis,along with a reliability and validity test,was performed to obtain three factors,namely,traffic safety behavior,traffic safety attitude,and traffic management cognition.These factors were selected as three first-level evaluation indexes,and the items contained in the three factors were selected as 17 second-level evaluation indexes to evaluate the public traffic safety awareness.Principal component analysis was used to calculate the factor score.The first-level evaluation index weights were determined based on the entropy value method.The gray correlation degree was calculated through the gray correlation analysis,and finally,the traffic safety awareness level of different public groups was obtained based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The results show that among the public of different ages,the 18-40 year-old group has the highest level of traffic safety awareness(b=0.79).The groups aged between 41 and 65 years(b=0.44)and 65 years and older(b=0.45)have a lower level of traffic safety awareness.Among the public with different education levels,the group with junior college degree has the highest level of traffic safety awareness(b=1),and the group with primary education and below has a low level of traffic safety awareness(b=0.33).Among the public of different occupations,the staff of the public institution has the highest level of traffic safety awareness(b=0.93),the farmers’group has a low level of traffic safety awareness(b=0.33).Among the public with different travel modes,the group with the bus as the main travel mode has the highest level of traffic safety awareness(b=0.91),while the groups using tricycles(b=0.35)and bicycles(b=0.36)as the main mode of travel have a lower level of traffic safety awareness.The research results can be used to measure the traffic safety awareness of different public groups and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of methods to improve the traffic safety awareness of different groups.
作者
冯忠祥
季诺亚
罗毅
赵璨
FENG Zhong-xiang;JI Nuo-ya;LUO Yi;ZHAO Can(School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui,China;Institute of Transportation Management Science,Ministry of Public Security,Wuxi 214000,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国公路学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期212-223,共12页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71971073,51678211)
公安部交通安全重点实验室开放基金项目(2018ZDSYSKFKT02)。
关键词
交通工程
交通安全意识
问卷调查
评价方法
熵值法
灰色关联分析
模糊综合评价
traffic engineering
traffic safety awareness
questionnaire survey
evaluation method
entropy evaluation method
grey correlation analysis
fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
