摘要
【目的】联苯菊酯和氟啶虫酰胺及其复配剂是农田常用的杀虫剂,七星瓢虫和玉米螟赤眼蜂是测试农药对非靶标节肢动物风险的指示性昆虫。明确联苯菊酯和氟啶虫酰胺及其复配对非靶标节肢动物的急性毒性及风险可为二者的安全使用提供参考。【方法】采用药膜法测试3种杀虫剂对七星瓢虫和玉米螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性,并预测杀虫剂在农田内外的暴露量,表征毒性风险。【结果】10%联苯菊酯水乳剂对七星瓢虫和玉米螟赤眼蜂的LR50(有效成分)分别为1.305 g·hm^−2和0.237 g·hm^−2;10%氟啶虫酰胺水分散粒剂对七星瓢虫和玉米螟赤眼蜂的LR50均大于其最大推荐有效成分剂量75 g·hm^−2;20%氟啶虫酰胺·联苯菊酯悬浮剂对七星瓢虫和玉米螟赤眼蜂的LR50(有效成分)分别为1.168 g·hm^−2和2.634 g·hm^−2。评估3种杀虫剂在农田内和农田外的风险性,初级风险评估结果表明:10%氟啶虫酰胺水分散粒剂农田内和农田外的风险均可接受;10%联苯菊酯水乳剂在农田内风险不可接受,农田外风险可接受;20%氟啶虫酰胺·联苯菊酯悬浮剂农田内风险不可接受,农田外风险可接受。【结论】两种杀虫剂复配有效降低了单剂的毒性,复配剂农田内风险依然不可接受,需要采取风险减缓措施。
【Objective】Bifenthrin and flonicamid and their compounds are pesticides commonly used in farmland.Coccinella septempunctata and Trichogramma ostriniae are indicators of pesticides against non-target arthropods.To clarify the acute toxicity and risk of bifenthrin and flonicamid and their compound conjugated non-target arthropods could provide reference for the safe use of the both pesticides.【Method】The acute toxicity of three insecticides to C.septempunctata and T.ostriniae was tested by the method of drug film,the expouse was predicted in and out of farmland,and the risk of toxicity was characterized.【Result】The LR50 of 10%bifenthrin EW to C.septempunctata and T.ostriniae was 1.305 g a.i.·hm^−2 and 0.237 g a.i.·hm^−2,LR50 of 10%flonicamid WG to C.septempunctata and T.ostriniae was greater than the maximum recommended dose of 75 g a.i.·hm^−2,and LR50 of 20%flonicamid·bifenthrin SC to C.septempunctata and T.ostriniae was 1.168 g a.i.·hm^−2 and 2.634 g a.i.·hm^−2.The risk of three insecticides in and out of farmland was assessed respectively.The primary risk assessment results showed that the risk of 10%flonicamid WG in and out of farmland was acceptable;the risk of 10%bifenthrin EW in farmland was unacceptable,and the risk outside farmland was acceptable;the risk of 20%flonicamid·bifenthrin SC in farmland was unacceptable,and the risk outside farmland was acceptable.【Conclusion】The combination of the two insecticides effectively reduced the toxicity of the single agent,and the risk of the compound agent in farmland was still unacceptable,so risk mitigation measures should be taken.
作者
周知恩
林涛
曾兆华
游泳
田厚军
魏辉
ZHOU Zhi-en;LIN Tao;ZENG Zhao-hua;YOU Yong;TIAN Hou-jun;WEI Hui(State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)
出处
《福建农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期366-371,共6页
Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
福建省科技计划公益类专项(2019R1024-7)
福建省农业科学院一般科技项目(STIT2017-3-2)。
关键词
杀虫剂
七星瓢虫
玉米螟赤眼蜂
毒性
风险评估
insecticide
Coccinella septempunctata
Trichogramma ostriniae
toxicity
risk assessment
